FPGA-based reconfigurable processor for ultrafast interlaced ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging.
FPGA-based reconfigurable processor for ultrafast interlaced ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging.
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基于FPGA的超声处理超声和光声成像的可重构处理器。
DOI：
10.1109/tuffc.2012.2335
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发表时间：
2012-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhu Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alqasemi U;Li H;Aguirre A;Zhu Q
在本文中，我们报告，据我们所知，一个独特的现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）为基础的可重构处理器的实时交错共注册的超声和光声成像及其在成像肿瘤动态响应的应用。FPGA用于控制、采集、存储、延迟求和和传输数据，以实现实时共配准成像。FPGA控制定制的16通道模块的超声传输以及超声和光声数据采集过程，该模块包含所有必要的模拟和数字电路。16通道模块是插入主板的多个模块之一;其波束成形输出可供数字信号处理器（DSP）使用外部存储器接口（EMIF）访问。FPGA通过超快的重新配置和结构调整发挥关键作用，允许在两种成像模式之间实时切换，包括传输控制、激光同步、内部存储器结构、波束形成以及EMIF结构和存储器大小。它通过并行访问内部存储器和多线程处理来减少数据传输和DSP上的处理负载。此外，由于即使在超声脉冲回波采集期间激光也会产生脉冲，因此FPGA通过适当的时分复用（TDM）确保激光脉冲距离脉冲回波采集足够远。构建了由4个FPGA模块（64通道）组成的共配准超声和光声成像系统，并使用体模靶和体内小鼠肿瘤模型证明了其性能。
In this paper, we report, to the best of our knowledge, a unique field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based reconfigurable processor for real-time interlaced co-registered ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging and its application in imaging tumor dynamic response. The FPGA is used to control, acquire, store, delay-and-sum, and transfer the data for real-time co-registered imaging. The FPGA controls the ultrasound transmission and ultrasound and photoacoustic data acquisition process of a customized 16-channel module that contains all of the necessary analog and digital circuits. The 16-channel module is one of multiple modules plugged into a motherboard; their beamformed outputs are made available for a digital signal processor (DSP) to access using an external memory interface (EMIF). The FPGA performs a key role through ultrafast reconfiguration and adaptation of its structure to allow real-time switching between the two imaging modes, including transmission control, laser synchronization, internal memory structure, beamforming, and EMIF structure and memory size. It performs another role by parallel accessing of internal memories and multi-thread processing to reduce the transfer of data and the processing load on the DSP. Furthermore, because the laser will be pulsing even during ultrasound pulse-echo acquisition, the FPGA ensures that the laser pulses are far enough from the pulse-echo acquisitions by appropriate time-division multiplexing (TDM). A co-registered ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging system consisting of four FPGA modules (64-channels) is constructed, and its performance is demonstrated using phantom targets and in vivo mouse tumor models.