The changing nature of life cycle assessment.
The changing nature of life cycle assessment.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.04.024
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发表时间：
2015-11
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Taylor CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McManus MC;Taylor CM
LCA 已从 20 世纪 60 年代和 70 年代的能源分析起源发展成为一种广泛的工具，用于确定产品或系统对多种环境和资源问题的影响。这种方法在研究、工业和政策领域变得更加普遍。它的用途不断扩大，因为它试图涵盖资源核算和社会福祉等多种影响。生物能源碳政策推动了其中许多变化。在生命周期的基础上对复杂问题进行评估是有益的，但这个过程有时很困难。 LCA 在框架中的使用越来越复杂、越来越不确定，在某些情况下，甚至是不可调和的。生物燃料和生物能源周围的带电环境加剧了所有这些问题。要充分发挥其潜力来帮助指导困难的政策讨论和新兴研究，需要成功管理 LCA 从归因到结果、从回顾到前瞻性的转变。本文探讨了 LCA 的持续演变及其在生物能源部署中的应用。探讨了在与生物能源和生物燃料相关的独特挑战的背景下对方法增长的管理。生物能源 LCA 中发生的变化将渗透到其他 LCA 领域，特别是在选择可持续解决方案很重要的领域。 LCA 的发展需要解决和接受不确定性。 LCA 使用的增加正在改变它，引发了关于有效性的问题。 （生物）能源 LCA 是 LCA 许多变化的驱动力：首先在这里看到挑战。 LCA的驾驶员和驾驶员的力量都发生了变化（增加）。
LCA has evolved from its origins in energy analysis in the 1960s and 70s into a wide ranging tool used to determine impacts of products or systems over several environmental and resource issues. The approach has become more prevalent in research, industry and policy. Its use continues to expand as it seeks to encompass impacts as diverse as resource accounting and social well being. Carbon policy for bioenergy has driven many of these changes. Enabling assessment of complex issues over a life cycle basis is beneficial, but the process is sometimes difficult. LCA's use in framing is increasingly complex and more uncertain, and in some cases, irreconcilable. The charged environment surrounding biofuels and bioenergy exacerbates all of these. Reaching its full potential to help guide difficult policy discussions and emerging research involves successfully managing LCA's transition from attributional to consequential and from retrospective to prospective. This paper examines LCA's on-going evolution and its use within bioenergy deployment. The management of methodological growth in the context of the unique challenges associated with bioenergy and biofuels is explored. Changes seen in bioenergy LCA will bleed into other LCA arenas, especially where it is important that a sustainable solution is chosen. Uncertainty needs to be addressed and accepted in LCA's development. Increased use of LCA is changing it, leading to questions about effectiveness. (Bio)energy LCA is a driver for many changes in LCA: challenges are seen here first. Both the driver and the force of the driver of LCA have changed (increased).