Occurrence of the earliest gigantopterid from the basal Permian of the North China Block and its bearing on evolution
Occurrence of the earliest gigantopterid from the basal Permian of the North China Block and its bearing on evolution
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华北地块基底二叠系最早的巨蕨类植物的出现及其对演化的影响
DOI：
10.1002/gj.2907
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发表时间：
--
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Jun Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weiming Zhou;Mingli Wan;Rebecca A. Koll;Jun Wang
大羽羊齿类是一个形态学上的类群，由许多具有被子植物样叶和网状脉序的神秘化石植物组成，它们的系统亲缘关系不确定。晚古生代华夏植物区系中巨羊齿类植物十分丰富，是一种独特的植物区系成分。然而，在中国，它们的最早出现时间比北美（Artinskian）和印度尼西亚（Asselian至Sakmarian）晚得多。在这里，我们记录了华北地块二叠纪（Asselian）基底地层中的大羽羊齿类，这是最古老的明确证据。叶片的特征是复杂的脉序由四个目组成，小等直径的网格，和直接从轴产生的中间附属脉，是一个独特的形态类型的叶序。此外，非边缘的喂养痕迹上检测到的叶片，延长最早的记录植物-动物之间的相互作用的植物和节肢动物之间的最早的二叠纪。我们的新观察结果表明，Gigantonoclea mira和Gigantonocleacf. mira的脉序特征更接近Gigantopteris dictyophylloides，而不是包括先前指定的进化Callipteridium序列在内的其他成员。
Gigantopterids are a morphological group consisting of a number of enigmatic fossil plants with angiosperm‐like leaves and reticulate venation that are of uncertain systematic affinity. Gigantopterid plants were abundant and a characteristic floral element in the Late Palaeozoic Cathaysian floras. However, in China, their oldest occurrence was much later than that in North America (Artinskian) and Indonesia (Asselian to Sakmarian). Here, we document the gigantopteridGigantonocleacf.mirafrom basal Permian (Asselian) strata in the North China Block that represents the oldest unequivocal evidence for the gigantopterids. The foliage is characterized by complex venation composed of four orders, small isodiametric meshes, and intercalary subsidiary veins arising directly from the rachis, being a distinctive morphological type of leaf venation. In addition, a nonmarginal feeding trace is detected on the lamina, extending the earliest record of plant–animal interaction between gigantopterid plants and arthropods to the earliest Permian. Our new observations show that the venation characters ofGigantonoclea miraandGigantonocleacf.miramore closely resembleGigantopteris dictyophylloidesthan other members of gigantopterids including the evolutionaryCallipteridiumsequence to which it was previously assigned.