Appetite-regulating hormones modulate odor perception and odor-evoked activity in hypothalamus and olfactory cortices.
Appetite-regulating hormones modulate odor perception and odor-evoked activity in hypothalamus and olfactory cortices.
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食欲调节激素调节下丘脑和嗅觉皮层的气味感知和气味诱发活动。
DOI：
10.1093/chemse/bjad039
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Kahnt,Thorsten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao,Yao;Bhutani,Surabhi;Kahnt,Thorsten
气味引导寻找食物，食物摄入量调节嗅觉功能。这种相互作用是由胃促生长素、胰岛素和瘦素等食欲调节激素介导的，这些激素改变了啮齿动物嗅球的活动，但它们对下游嗅觉皮质的影响尚未在人类身上得到证实。嗅束通过3条主纹将嗅球与皮质相连，终止于梨状皮质(Pirc)、杏仁核(AMY)、嗅结节(OT)和嗅前核(Aon)。在这里，我们测试了食欲调节荷尔蒙在嗅束和下丘脑的端点调节嗅觉处理的假设。我们收集了标准餐后受试者(n=25)的气味诱发功能磁共振成像(FMRI)反应和血浆Ghrelin、胰岛素和瘦素水平。我们发现，荷尔蒙综合指标，捕捉与胰岛素正相关的变化，与Ghrelin负相关，与气味强度等级和下丘脑、OT和AON对气味与清洁空气的fMRI反应呈负相关。侧纹的终末Pirc和AMY的活动与Pirc和AMY的活动没有明显的相关性。探索性的全脑分析显示，Broca区和海马区旁回的斜带附近有显著的相关性。这些结果表明，高(低)血浆浓度的胰岛素(Ghrelin)会降低嗅束内侧和中间纹状体以及下丘脑皮质目标的嗅觉强度和气味诱发活动。这些发现扩大了我们对人类代谢荷尔蒙调节餐后嗅觉处理的大脑皮层机制的理解。
Odors guide food seeking, and food intake modulates olfactory function. This interaction is mediated by appetite-regulating hormones like ghrelin, insulin, and leptin, which alter activity in the rodent olfactory bulb, but their effects on downstream olfactory cortices have not yet been established in humans. The olfactory tract connects the olfactory bulb to the cortex through 3 main striae, terminating in the piriform cortex (PirC), amygdala (AMY), olfactory tubercule (OT), and anterior olfactory nucleus (AON). Here, we test the hypothesis that appetite-regulating hormones modulate olfactory processing in the endpoints of the olfactory tract and the hypothalamus. We collected odor-evoked functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) responses and plasma levels of ghrelin, insulin, and leptin from human subjects (n= 25) after a standardized meal. We found that a hormonal composite measure, capturing variance relating positively to insulin and negatively to ghrelin, correlated inversely with odor intensity ratings and fMRI responses to odorized vs. clean air in the hypothalamus, OT, and AON. No significant correlations were found with activity in PirC or AMY, the endpoints of the lateral stria. Exploratory whole-brain analyses revealed significant correlations near the diagonal band of Broca and parahippocampal gyrus. These results demonstrate that high (low) blood plasma concentrations of insulin (ghrelin) decrease perceived odor intensity and odor-evoked activity in the cortical targets of the medial and intermediate striae of the olfactory tract, as well as the hypothalamus. These findings expand our understanding of the cortical mechanisms by which metabolic hormones in humans modulate olfactory processing after a meal.