Marijuana consequences in a motivational context: Goal congruence reduces likelihood of taking steps toward change.
Marijuana consequences in a motivational context: Goal congruence reduces likelihood of taking steps toward change.
复制标题
大麻在动机方面的后果：目标一致性降低了采取变革措施的可能性。
DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.08.010
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Spelman,PhilipJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Simons,JeffreyS;JosephClarke,C;Simons,RalucaM;Spelman,PhilipJ
本研究以422名18-25岁（M= 19.68，SD = 1.60）在过去6个月内至少吸食过一次大麻的大学生为样本，测试了大麻使用、问题、动机和改变障碍的模型。我们测试了具有使用动机（即，应对、增强和扩展）、感知使用效用和性别作为预测大麻使用行为的外生变量（即，使用和问题），改变的动机（即，问题的认识和感知的成本和改变的好处），以及最终的结果，采取措施减少大麻的使用。控制的使用水平和问题，扩展动机有直接的影响，增加感知成本的变化和增强动机有直接的反作用的问题识别和感知的变化带来的好处。然而，扩张动机对采取措施的总体影响并不显著。大麻在实现个人奋斗中的作用（即，使用效用）与问题识别、感知改变的好处和采取措施进行改变呈负相关。相比之下，应对的动机，尽管与更大的感知成本的变化，积极与采取措施。问题识别与减少大麻使用的成本和收益增加呈正相关，反映了个人对改变的矛盾心理。正如预期的那样，减少使用的感知收益和成本分别与采取措施改变大麻使用呈正相关和负相关。研究结果确定了个体差异因素，有助于改变的动机，并与动机模型的变化准备。这些结果突出了大麻使用与个人目标实现的整合可能会干扰采取措施改变使用模式的程度，尽管会产生相关的负面后果。
This study tested a model of marijuana use, problems, and motivation and barriers to change among a sample of 422 undergraduate students ages 18–25 (M= 19.68,SD= 1.60) who used marijuana at least once in the past 6 months. We tested a structural equation model (SEM) with use motives (i.e., coping, enhancement, and expansion), perceived use utility, and gender as exogenous variables predicting marijuana use behavior (i.e., use and problems), motivation to change (i.e., problem recognition and perceived costs and benefits of change), and the ultimate outcome, taking steps to reduce marijuana use. Controlling for level of use and problems, expansion motives had a direct effect on increased perceived costs of change and enhancement motives had direct inverse effects on problem recognition and perceived benefits of change. However, the total effect of expansion motives on taking steps was not significant. The perceived role of marijuana in achieving personal strivings (i.e., use utility) was inversely associated with problem recognition, perceived benefits of change, and taking steps toward change. In contrast, coping motives, despite being associated with greater perceived costs of change, were positively associated with taking steps. Problem recognition was positively associated with both increased perceived costs and benefits of reducing marijuana use, reflecting individuals' ambivalence about change. As expected, perceived benefits and costs of reducing use were positively and negatively associated with taking steps toward changing marijuana use, respectively. The results identify individual difference factors that contribute to motivation for change and are consistent with motivational models of change readiness. These results highlight the extent to which integration of marijuana use with personal goal achievement may interfere with taking steps to change use patterns despite associated negative consequences.