Graphical convention formation during visual communication
Graphical convention formation during visual communication
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视觉传达过程中图形约定的形成
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Judith E. Fan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Robert D. Hawkins;Megumi Sano;Noah D. Goodman;Judith E. Fan
绘画是一种多功能的视觉传达技术，从逼真的渲染到完全由符号组成的示意图。一个媒介如何跨越如此广泛的外观可靠地传达意义？一种自然的可能性是，绘画从它们的视觉特性以及使用它们进行交流的人们之间的共享知识中获得意义。在这里，我们评估这种可能性，在一个基于绘图的参考游戏中，两个参与者反复沟通的视觉对象。在一系列的对照实验中，我们发现成对的参与者发现越来越稀疏但有效的描绘对象的方法。这些增益是特定于那些被重复引用的对象，并且超出了任务实践或绘画的视觉特性所能解释的范围。我们采用了计算机视觉的现代技术来描述绘画的高级视觉特征是如何变化的，发现同一对象的绘画在一对参与者中变得更加一致，而在不同对的参与者中变得不同。综上所述，这些发现表明，视觉传播促进了广告的出现，广告的意义越来越多地取决于共享的知识，而不仅仅是它们的视觉特性。
Drawing is a versatile technique for visual communication, ranging from photorealistic renderings to schematic diagrams consisting entirely of symbols. How does a medium spanning such a broad range of appearances reliably convey meaning? A natural possibility is that drawings derive meaning from both their visual properties as well as shared knowledge between people who use them to communicate. Here we evaluate this possibility in a drawing-based reference game in which two participants repeatedly communicated about visual objects. Across a series of controlled experiments, we found that pairs of participants discover increasingly sparse yet effective ways of depicting objects. These gains were specific to those objects that were repeatedly referenced, and went beyond what could be explained by task practice or the visual properties of the drawings alone. We employed modern techniques from computer vision to characterize how the high-level visual features of drawings changed, finding that drawings of the same object became more consistent within a pair of participants and divergent across participants from different pairs. Taken together, these findings suggest that visual communication promotes the emergence of depictions whose meanings are increasingly determined by shared knowledge rather than their visual properties alone.