Embryogenesis and organogenesis of Carausius morosus under spaceflight conditions.
Embryogenesis and organogenesis of Carausius morosus under spaceflight conditions.
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DOI：
10.1016/0273-1177(86)90074-8
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发表时间：
1986-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Enge, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bucker, H;Facius, R;Enge, W
在为期7天的德国空间实验室D1任务期间，研究了宇宙辐射和/或微重力对昆虫发育的影响。在22℃的BIORACK培养箱中，在微重力条件下或在1g参考离心机上，允许对辐射敏感性和再生能力不同的五个阶段的卡劳苏斯卵继续发育。利用Biostack概念——单层鸡蛋夹在视觉轨迹探测器之间——和1g参考离心机，我们能够将辐射效应与微重力效应以及这两种因素在太空中的综合效应分离开来。检索后，在不同的测试样品中确定孵化率，生长动力学和异常频率。发展的早期阶段被证明对宇宙射线粒子的单次撞击以及在其发展过程中暂时暴露于微重力环境高度敏感。在某些情况下，辐射和微重力的共同作用甚至放大了空间的单一参数所产生的影响。单个HZE粒子的撞击会造成早期影响，如身体异常，以及后期影响，如孵化后生长迟缓。暴露在微重力环境下会降低孵化率。在异常幼虫出现频率异常高的情况下，HZE粒子撞击与微重力存在协同作用。然而，不能排除宇宙背景辐射或低LET - HZE粒子也与微重力样品中观察到的损伤有因果关系。
The influence of cosmic radiation and/or microgravity on insect development was studied during the 7 day German Spacelab Mission D1. Eggs of Carausius morosus of five stages differing in sensitivity to radiation and in capacity to regeneration were allowed to continue their development in the BIORACK 22 degrees C incubator, either at microgravity conditions or on the 1 g reference centrifuge. Using the Biostack concept--eggs in monolayers were sandwiched between visual track detectors--and the 1 g reference centrifuge, we were able to separate radiation effects from microgravity effects and also from combined effects of these two factors in space. After retrieval, hatching rates, growth kinetics and anomaly frequencies were determined in the different test samples. The early stages of development turned out to be highly sensitive to single hits of cosmic ray particles as well as to the temporary exposure to microgravity during their development. In some cases, the combined action of radiation and microgravity even amplified the effects exerted by the single parameters of space. Hits by single HZE particles caused early effects, such as body anomalies, as well as late effects, such as retarded growth after hatching. Microgravity exposure lead to a reduced hatching rate. A synergistic action of HZE particle hits and microgravity was established in the unexpectedly high frequency of anomal larvae. However, it cannot be excluded, that cosmic background radiation or low LET HZE particles are also causally involved in damage observed in the microgravity samples.