Eosinophil degranulation status in allergic rhinitis:: observations before and during seasonal allergen exposure
Eosinophil degranulation status in allergic rhinitis:: observations before and during seasonal allergen exposure
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DOI：
10.1183/09031936.04.00133603
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
影响因子：
24.3
通讯作者：
Erjefält, JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ahlstrom-Emanuelsson, CA;Greiff, L;Erjefält, JS
尽管广泛的脱颗粒可能是嗜酸性粒细胞致病作用的先决条件，但人们对这些细胞在嗜酸性粒细胞条件下的脱颗粒状态知之甚少。目前组织嗜酸性粒细胞超微结构的研究探讨了季节性过敏原暴露之前和期间过敏性鼻炎中嗜酸性粒细胞脱颗粒的情况。共有 23 名患者在花粉季节之前和期间每天对症状进行评分。在鼻活检中测定粘膜嗜酸性粒细胞的数量及其脱颗粒状态。此外，鼻腔灌洗液中嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白（ECP）和α（2）-巨球蛋白的水平分别作为嗜酸性粒细胞活性和血浆渗出的指标进行评估。季节性过敏原暴露与鼻部症状增加、灌洗液中ECP和α（2）-巨球蛋白水平增加以及组织嗜酸性粒细胞数量增加相关。在组织中，透射电子显微镜显示在季节之前已经出现中度的零碎脱颗粒（平均+/-SD 37+/-2.7%改变的颗粒）。季节性过敏原暴露增加了这种脱颗粒（87+/-1.8%），并产生颗粒蛋白广泛沉积的局部区域。嗜酸性粒细胞脱颗粒的程度与组胺激发时获得的灌洗液中的 ECP 水平相关。总之，本研究表明，过敏性鼻炎的鼻粘膜在无症状基线条件下就已经具有中度脱颗粒的嗜酸性粒细胞。与症状性季节性过敏性鼻炎的发展相关，嗜酸性粒细胞颗粒蛋白的组织沉积通过嗜酸性粒细胞数量的增加而显着升高，同时单个细胞的脱颗粒也显着增加。
Despite the fact that extensive degranulation is a likely prerequisite for a pathogenic role of eosinophils, little is known about the degranulation status of these cells in eosinophilic conditions. The present study of the ultrastructure of tissue eosinophils explores eosinophil degranulation in allergic rhinitis before and during seasonal allergen exposure.A total of 23 patients scored symptoms q.d., prior to and during the pollen season. The numbers of mucosal eosinophils and their degranulation status were determined in nasal biopsies. Furthermore, nasal lavage fluid levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and alpha(2)-macroglobulin were assessed as indices of eosinophil activity and plasma exudation, respectively.Seasonal allergen exposure was associated with increased nasal symptoms, increased lavage fluid levels of ECP and alpha(2)-macroglobulin, and increased numbers of tissue eosinophils. In the tissue, transmission electron microscopy revealed a moderate piecemeal degranulation already prior to the season (mean+/-SD 37+/-2.7% altered granules). Seasonal allergen exposure increased this degranulation (87+/-1.8%), and produced local areas with extensive deposition of granule proteins. The degree of eosinophil degranulation correlated with levels of ECP in lavage fluids obtained at histamine challenge.In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the nasal mucosa in allergic rhinitis features moderately degranulated eosinophils already at nonsymptomatic baseline conditions. In association with the development of symptomatic seasonal allergic rhinitis, the tissue deposition of eosinophil granule proteins is dramatically elevated through increased eosinophil numbers, together with markedly augmented degranulation of individual cells.