Perspectives on stress resilience and adolescent neurobehavioral function.
Perspectives on stress resilience and adolescent neurobehavioral function.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ynstr.2014.11.001
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发表时间：
2015-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Romeo RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Romeo RD
人们越来越关注青春期是神经行为成熟的关键阶段，同时也越来越关注压力会如何扰乱这一关键的发展时期。虽然人们普遍认识到，与压力有关的脆弱性在青春期增加，但并非所有青少年都受到压力的影响，压力经历也不可避免地导致负面结果。事实上，许多青少年表现出对压力引起的功能障碍的适应能力。然而，相对知之甚少的机制，可能介导的弹性压力在青春期。这篇简短回顾的目的是将一些独立但相关的研究集中在一起，这些研究强调了可能影响青春期压力恢复力的特定变量，包括下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴的早期生活编程，压力接种和遗传易感性。虽然我们还远未清楚地了解介导对压力引起的功能障碍的抵抗力的因素，但我们必须识别和描述这些弹性方面，以帮助青少年充分发挥其潜力，即使在逆境中。
Interest in adolescence as a crucial stage of neurobehavioral maturation is growing, as is the concern of how stress may perturb this critical period of development. Though it is well recognized that stress-related vulnerabilities increase during adolescence, not all adolescent individuals are uniformly affected by stress nor do stressful experiences inevitability lead to negative outcomes. Indeed, many adolescents show resilience to stress-induced dysfunctions. However, relatively little is known regarding the mechanisms that may mediate resilience to stress in adolescence. The goal of this brief review is to bring together a few separate, yet related lines of research that highlight specific variables that may influence stress resilience during adolescence, including early life programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, stress inoculation, and genetic predisposition. Though we are far from a clear understanding of the factors that mediate resistance to stress-induced dysfunctions, it is imperative that we identify and delineate these aspects of resilience to help adolescents reach their full potential, even in the face of adversity.