Lymph node imaging: Basic principles
Lymph node imaging: Basic principles
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ejrad.2005.12.038
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Clement, Olivier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luciani, Alain;Itti, Emmanuel;Clement, Olivier
淋巴结与多种疾病有关，尤其是癌症。在后者中，精确的淋巴结分期对于指导治疗选择和确定预后至关重要。长期以来，淋巴系统的成像一直局限于淋巴管，特别是通过传统淋巴造影的独家使用，以侵入性手术和患者的不适为代价。然而，最近有三个主要的技术进步完成了淋巴结成像的临床装备：第一，改进的横断成像，即CT和MRI，结合或不结合专用造影剂，在肿瘤学情况下逐渐取代了传统的淋巴造影；其次，术中前哨淋巴结定位的发展深刻地改变了几种癌症的诊断和治疗方法，主要是黑色素瘤和乳腺癌；最后，功能成像的增加，特别是通过FDG-PET的使用，极大地提高了淋巴结转移识别的准确性。因此，本综述的目的是简要回顾淋巴系统的解剖学和生理学，并概述最新淋巴结成像的基本原理。2006爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司版权所有。
Lymph nodes are involved in a wide variety of diseases, particularly in cancer. In the latter, precise nodal staging is essential to guide therapeutic options and to determine prognosis. For long, imaging of the lymphatic system has been limited to lymph vessel,especially via the exclusive use of conventional lymphography, at the expense of invasive procedures and patient's discomfort. Three main technical advances, however, have recently completed the clinical armamentarium for lymph node imaging: first, the refinement of cross sectional imaging, i.e. CT and MRI, combined or not with dedicated contrast agents, has progressively replaced conventional lymphography in oncology situations; second, the development of intra-operative sentinel node mapping has profoundly modified the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in several cancer situations, mostly melanoma and breast cancer; finally, the increased availability of functional imaging, especially through the use of FDG-PET, has greatly contributed to the accuracy improvement of nodal metastases identification. The aim of this review will thus be to briefly review the anatomy and physiology of the lymphatic systems and to overview the basic principles of up-to-date lymph node imaging. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.