Sustainable hydrogen manufacturing via renewable-integrated intensified process for refueling stations
Sustainable hydrogen manufacturing via renewable-integrated intensified process for refueling stations
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.118667
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发表时间：
2022-02-14
期刊：
影响因子：
11.2
通讯作者：
Hasan, M. M. Faruque
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arora, Akhil;Zantye, Manali S.;Hasan, M. M. Faruque
氢燃料电池电动汽车（HFCEVs）的广泛采用目前受到小规模制氢成本高和缺乏广泛的氢燃料补给基础设施的阻碍。以天然气为基础的氢气在大量生产时更便宜，但也与高二氧化碳排放有关。为了应对这些挑战，我们提出了一种混合方法，利用动态过程强化技术，以协同方式整合天然气和可再生能源，该技术可以在现场部署，以满足当地加气站的需求。该技术基于吸附强化蒸汽甲烷重整（SE-SMR）技术，将反应与原位CO2吸附相结合，提高了工艺的模块化、生产率和效率，从而在小规模上优于传统的SMR技术。我们开发了一个基于混合整数线性规划（MILP）的优化框架，用于同时设计和调度SE-SMR过程。同时优化提供了一种协同组合，即可再生能源允许可持续的氢气制造，而动态SE-SMR允许最佳地利用可再生能源的间歇性。美国全国范围的分析表明，对于未来的可再生能源价格和2吨/天的氢气生产能力，与目前的小规模氢气生产成本相比，氢气的生产成本可以降低50%。对不同城市的氢需求分析表明，即使只有5%的HFCEV市场渗透率，美国各地的小规模氢气生产成本低于3美元/公斤，大城市的氢气成本甚至更低。
The widescale consumer adoption of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (HFCEVs) is currently hindered by the high cost of small-scale hydrogen generation and the lack of extensive hydrogen refueling infrastructure. Natural gas-based hydrogen is cheaper when produced in large volumes but is also associated with high CO2 emissions. To counter these challenges, we propose a hybrid approach where both natural gas and renewables are integrated in a synergistic manner using a dynamic process intensification technology that can be deployed on-site for meeting local demands of refueling stations. The technology is based on sorption enhanced steam methane reforming (SE-SMR) that utilizes a combination of reaction with in-situ CO2 adsorption for enhancing process modularity, productivity and efficiency thereby outperforming conventional SMR at small scale. We develop a mixed integer linear programming (MILP)-based optimization framework for simultaneous design and scheduling of the SE-SMR process. The simultaneous optimization provides a synergistic combination whereby the renewables allow sustainable hydrogen manufacturing and the dynamic SE-SMR allows optimal use of the intermittency of the renewables. The U.S. nationwide analysis indicates that for futuristic renewable prices and a hydrogen production capacity of 2 ton/day, hydrogen can be produced at 50% less cost compared to the current cost of small-scale hydrogen generation. The city-wise analysis with varying hydrogen demand shows that even with just 5% HFCEV market penetration level, hydrogen production cost less than $3/kg can be obtained at small scales across the United States with even cheaper hydrogen for large cities.