Induction of Chlamydospore Formation in Fusarium by Cyclic Lipopeptide Antibiotics from Bacillus subtilis C2
Induction of Chlamydospore Formation in Fusarium by Cyclic Lipopeptide Antibiotics from Bacillus subtilis C2
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枯草芽孢杆菌 C2 环脂肽抗生素诱导镰刀菌厚垣孢子形成
DOI：
10.1007/s10886-012-0171-1
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Luo, Jun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Lei;Ma, MingChuan;Luo, Jun
枯草芽孢杆菌C2菌株的培养滤液对茄病镰刀菌有较强的抑菌活性。激进分子。提取物中的一部分(PPF)可诱导镰刀菌形成厚垣孢子。反相高效液相色谱分离得到8个不同的组分，其中6个组分具有诱导厚朴孢子的活性。经质谱学和核磁共振分析，确定其主要活性成分为环状脂肽C17-凤霉素A(FA17)。FA17对两种镰刀菌形态和生理的影响依赖于脂肽的浓度。在低于最低抑菌浓度(12 8μg m l−1)的浓度(0.5、8，μg m l−1)作用下，2种镰刀菌在2 d内从菌丝、芽管或分生孢子内形成厚垣孢子。在接近最低抑菌浓度时，FA17使镰刀菌形成稀疏膨大的菌丝或裂解分生孢子。其余5个组分均鉴定为枫香素A同系物。根据它们的分类描述，同系物还可以在17种丝状真菌中诱导出厚垣孢子样结构，其中包括一些通常不产生厚壁孢子的标本。DAPI和尼罗红染色显示，这些结构与其他厚壁孢子一样，含有核和脂体，并能萌发。本研究首次证明在实验室条件下，枯草芽孢杆菌产生的抗真菌脂肽--风霉素可以诱导镰刀菌中厚垣孢子的形成和许多丝状真菌中厚壁孢子样结构的形成。
The culture filtrate of Bacillus subtilis strain C2 showed strong activity against the pathogenic fungus Fusarium solani f. sp. radicicola. A partially purified fraction (PPF) from the extract induced chlamydospore formation in Fusarium. Reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography yielded 8 different fractions, six of which had chlamydospore-inducing activity. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses identified the main active constituent as C17 fengycin A (FA17), a cyclic lipopeptide. The effect of FA17 on morphology and physiology of two Fusarium species was dependent on the lipopeptide concentration. When challenged with FA17 at concentrations (0.5, 8, 64 μg ml−1) below the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (128 μg ml−1), two species of Fusarium formed chlamydospores from hyphae, germ tubes, or inside the conidia within 2 days. At concentrations close to the MIC, FA17 caused Fusarium to form sparse and swollen hyphae or lysed conidia. The other five fractions were identified as fengycin A homologues. The homologues could also induce chlamydospore-like structures in 17 species of filamentous fungi including some specimens that do not normally produce chlamydospores, according to their taxonomic descriptions. Like other chlamydospores, these structures contained nuclei and lipid bodies as revealed by DAPI and Nile Red staining, and could germinate. This is the first study to demonstrate that under laboratory conditions fengycin, an antifungal lipopeptide produced by B. subtilis, can induce chlamydospore formation in Fusarium and chlamydospore-like structures in many filamentous fungi.