The Evolution of Avian Polyandry
The Evolution of Avian Polyandry
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DOI：
10.1086/283215
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发表时间：
1977-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. D. Graul;S. Derrickson;D. Mock
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. D. Graul;S. Derrickson;D. Mock
How is this conflict to be resolved ? The problem lies with the notion of "intrinsic" differences in competitive ability.这些“内在”差异是通过将竞争对手置于“不受差异资源可用性影响”的环境中来计算（或测量，在实验意义上）的（Wilson 1975，第775页）。问题是“不偏不倚”是情人眼里出西施。当以线性刻度（图 1b）绘制时，资源谱 F(j) 显得无偏，而以对数刻度（图 2b）绘制时，则显得有偏差。基本上，不存在“内在”竞争优势这样的东西，因为不存在“公正”的资源范围这样的东西。麦克阿瑟等重叠公式的基本要求之一是它们不受资源轴尺度变化的影响。权重因子 K(j)w(j)/r(j) 的主要“功能”之一是，当正确应用时，它们会补偿缩放的变化，以便生成的竞争系数与缩放无关。这些权重因素在理论和实践研究中的重要性不应该被低估。估计的。
How is this conflict to be resolved ? The problem lies with the notion of "intrinsic" differences in competitive ability. These "intrinsic" differences are calculated (or measured, in an experimental sense) by placing the competitors in an environment "unbiased by differential resource availability" (Wilson 1975, p. 775). The problem is that "unbiased" is in the eye of the beholder. A resource spectrum F(j) which appears unbiased when plotted on a linear scale (fig. lb) appears biased when plotted on a logarithmic scale (fig. 2b). Basically, then, there is no such thing as an "intrinsic" competitive advantage, because there is no such thing as an "unbiased" resource spectrum. One of the basic requirements for overlap formulae such as MacArthur's is that they be unaffected by scale changes in the resource axis. One of the major "functions" of the weighting factors K(j)w(j)/r(j) is that, when properly applied, they compensate for changes in scaling, so that the resulting competition coefficients are scale independent. The importance of these weighting factors in both theoretical and practical investigations should not be under. estimated.