Black spruce growth forms as a record of a changing winter environment at treeline, Quebec, Canada
Black spruce growth forms as a record of a changing winter environment at treeline, Quebec, Canada
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加拿大魁北克省林线的黑云杉生长记录了冬季环境的变化
DOI：
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Payette
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Lavoie;S. Payette
通过对亚北极魁北克地区黑云杉（Piceamariana（Mill.）B.S.P.）。由于黑云杉的生长形式与冬季环境密切相关，它们是对低温和风吹雪磨损影响雪-空气界面活组织条件的直接反应。年龄结构的supranival拍摄人口密切相关的时期，更高的茎存活在冬季最有可能在snowier和无风的条件下。山坡上和山谷中的云杉生长分别在1601年至1663年和1700年至1904年之间显示出低年轮生长期。一个长期的低径向增长1697年和1939年盛行的山顶网站。在20世纪世纪，云杉的高度从0.8米增加到1.6米的斜坡和山谷中，而从风吹雪磨损的基础水平从0.1米增加到0.5米，这表明一个增加的趋势，朝着温暖和下雪的条件。在小冰河时期（1570-1880）生长的磨损云杉在世纪被对称的树木所取代。世纪在山顶上占优势的超原生边缘和轮生云杉在小冰期恢复为原生垫和垫状生长形式。这些发育不良的云杉在最近的变暖中无法恢复，因为它们无法捕捉足够的积雪来垂直生长。«少
The environmental conditions prevailing at treeline in subarctic Quebec have been reconstructed over the past 400 yr through a comparative analysis of tree rings and growth forms of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.). Because black spruce growth forms are closely associated with the winter environment, they are a direct response to conditions of low temperature and windblown snow abrasion affecting living tissues at the snow-air interface. The age structure of supranival shoot populations was closely associated with periods of higher stem survival in winter most likely under snowier and windless conditions. Spruce growth on slopes and in the valley revealed periods of low tree-ring growth between 1601 and 1663 and between 1700 and 1904, respectively. A long-lasting period of low radial growth 1697 and 1939 prevailed in the hilltop site. During the 20th century, spruce height increased from 0.8 to 1.6 m on slopes and in the valley, while the basal level of abrasion from windblown snow increased from 0.1 to 0.5 m, suggesting an increasing trend towards warmer and snowier conditions. Abraded spruces growing during the Little Ice Age (1570-1880) were replaced by symmetrical trees during the 20th century. Supranival skirted and whorled spruces which dominated on themore » hilltop site during the 16th century reverted to infranival cushion and mat growth forms during the Little Ice Age. These stunted spruces were unable to recover during the recent warming because of their inability to catch enough drifting snow to allow vertical growth.« less