Genetics of the risk for alcoholism
Genetics of the risk for alcoholism
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DOI：
10.1080/10550490050173172
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Schuckit, MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schuckit, MA
本文回顾了关于遗传影响在酒精滥用和依赖(酒精中毒)发展中的重要性的文献。酒精使用障碍是最复杂的遗传疾病中相当典型的，因为多种遗传影响结合在一起，可以解释大约40%到60%的风险。识别与酒精中毒相关的特定基因的一种有用的方法包括识别已知遗传因素NRA控制的人群，并使用基因组扫描和/或病例对照、关联方法来搜索特定基因。一些特征或内表型已被确定为既受遗传影响又导致酒精中毒风险的因素，包括酒精代谢酶、对酒精的低水平反应和电生理措施。回顾了这些特征中每一个的潜在重要性，并提供了与每个内表型的搜索者特定遗传物质有关的数据。这些发现是从它们可能对酒精领域的预防和治疗工作产生影响的角度来考虑的。
This paper reviews the literature on the importance of genetic influences in the development of alcohol abuse and dependence (alcoholism). The alcohol use disorders are fairly typical of most complex genetic conditions in that multiple genetic influences combine together to explain approximately 40% to 60% of the risk. One useful approach for identifying specific genes related to alcoholism involves identifying a population in which known genetic factors nra controlled and using genome scan and/or case-control, association approaches to search for specific genes. Several characteristics, or endophenotypes, have been identified as both genetically influenced and contributing toward the risk for alcoholism, including alcohol-metabolizing enzymes, the low level of response to alcohol and electrophysiological measures. The potential importance of each of these characteristics is reviewed and data relating to the searcher specific genetic material for each endophenotype are presented. These findings are placed in the perspective of the impact that they are likely to have on both prevention and treatment efforts in the alcohol field.