Complete genome sequence of Clostridium perfringens, an anaerobic flesh-eater
Complete genome sequence of Clostridium perfringens, an anaerobic flesh-eater
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.022493799
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发表时间：
2002-01-22
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Hayashi, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shimizu, T;Ohtani, K;Hayashi, H
产气荚膜梭菌是一种革兰氏阳性厌氧产芽孢细菌，它在人类和动物肠道中作为正常菌群定植，但也会导致人类危及生命的气性坏疽和轻度肠毒血症。已知该菌能产生多种毒素和酶，这些毒素和酶是造成严重肌肉坏死病变的原因。在此我们报道了产气荚膜梭菌13株完整的3031430碱基对序列，它包含2660个蛋白质编码区和10个核糖体RNA基因，总体G + C含量极低（28.6%）。该基因组含有导致气体产生的典型厌氧发酵酶，但没有三羧酸循环或呼吸链所需的酶。发现了多种糖分解酶，但基因组中缺乏许多用于氨基酸生物合成的酶。有20个基因被新鉴定为产气荚膜梭菌的潜在毒力因子，并且我们发现了总共5个透明质酸酶基因，它们也会增强毒力。基因组分析还证明了一种有效的方法，可用于找到双组分VirR/VirS调控子的4个成员，该调控子协同调节产气荚膜梭菌的致病性。显然，产气荚膜梭菌通过产生多种降解酶和毒素从宿主获取各种必需物质，从而导致宿主组织的大量破坏。
Clostridium perfringens is a Gram-positive anaerobic spore-forming bacterium that causes life-threatening gas gangrene and mild enterotoxaemia in humans, although it colonizes as normal intestinal flora of humans and animals. The organism is known to produce a variety of toxins and enzymes that are responsible for the severe myonecrotic lesions. Here we report the complete 3,031,430-bp sequence of C. perfringens strain 13 that comprises 2,660 protein coding regions and 10 rRNA genes, showing pronounced low overall G + C content (28.6%). The genome contains typical anaerobic fermentation enzymes leading to gas production but no enzymes for the tricarboxylic acid cycle or respiratory chain. Various saccharolytic enzymes were found, but many enzymes for amino acid biosynthesis were lacking in the genome. Twenty genes were newly identified as putative virulence factors of C. perfringens, and we found a total of five hyaluronidase genes that will also contribute to virulence. The genome analysis also proved an efficient method for finding four members of the two-component VirR/VirS regulon that coordinately regulates the pathogenicity of C. perfringens. Clearly, C. perfringens obtains various essential materials from the host by producing several degradative enzymes and toxins, resulting in massive destruction of the host tissues.