Landscape configuration of crops and hedgerows drives local syrphid fly abundance
Landscape configuration of crops and hedgerows drives local syrphid fly abundance
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2664.12221
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发表时间：
2014-04-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Holzschuh, Andrea
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haenke, Sebastian;Kovacs-Hostyanszki, Aniko;Holzschuh, Andrea
人类主导的景观的特点是自然和管理的生态系统的马赛克，影响不同的空间尺度上的节肢动物群落。有效的景观管理功能重要的生物遭受的半自然栖息地和邻近作物之间的生物溢出的了解很少，以及它是如何受到周围景观的影响。我们检查了三种线性半自然栖息地中的食蚜蝇丰度（双翅目：食蚜蝇科），这些栖息地与一年生作物和森林的连接性不同[森林边缘（n=12）、森林连接的树篱（n=11）和孤立的树篱（n=12）]，以及邻近的油菜或冬小麦田（即35个景观中总共n=70个地点）。研究点周围半径为1公里的景观圈油菜的比例不同（范围从0%到35%油菜），使我们能够测试油菜的规模效应。食蚜性蚜虫在森林连接的树篱比在森林边缘（与隔离的树篱是中间）更丰富，更丰富的农田附近的树篱比相邻的森林边缘，表明溢出从半自然的栖息地到相邻的农田。如果油菜在景观中的比例较低（表明局部集中），则在油菜田附近的半自然生境中食蚜性蚜虫的丰度高于小麦田附近。合成与应用。这项研究强调了树篱的潜力，以提高丰富的有益蚜虫和他们的溢出到邻近的农田，特别是当他们与森林连接。我们提供的证据表明，这种本地交换是温和的大规模开花作物在周围的景观，由于当地的浓度的程度。因此，应通过同时调查作物配置的地方和区域方面来评估改善当地生物功能的措施，以便提出针对具体区域的管理建议。在以农业耕作为主的景观中，在适度规模的大量开花作物比例下，增加农业基质中的植物篱总量可能最有利于保护生物多样性和增加重要的生态系统服务，如生物控制和授粉。本研究强调了植物篱在提高有益蚜虫丰度及其向邻近农田的溢出方面的潜力。特别是当它们与森林相连时。我们提供的证据表明，这种本地交换是温和的大规模开花作物在周围的景观，由于当地的浓度的程度。因此，应通过同时调查作物配置的地方和区域方面来评估改善当地生物功能的措施，以便提出针对具体区域的管理建议。在中等规模的大规模开花作物比例下，增加农业基质中的绿篱总量，可能最有利于保护生物多样性和增加重要的生态系统服务，如农业种植占主导地位的景观中的生物控制和授粉。
Human-dominated landscapes are characterized by a mosaic of natural and managed ecosystems, affecting arthropod communities on different spatial scales. Effective landscape management for functionally important organisms suffers from little understanding of organism spillover between semi-natural habitats and adjacent crops, and of how it is affected by the surrounding landscape. We examined syrphid abundance (Diptera: Syrphidae) in three types of linear semi-natural habitats, differing in connectedness to annual crops and forest [forest edges (n=12), forest-connected hedges (n=11) and isolated hedges (n=12)], as well as in the adjacent oilseed rape or winter wheat fields (i.e. altogether n=70 sites in 35 landscapes). The landscape circles with 1 km radius around the study sites differed in the proportion of oilseed rape (ranging from 0% to 35% oilseed rape) enabling us to test landscape-scale effects of oilseed rape. Aphidophagous syrphids were more abundant in forest-connected hedgerows than in forest edges (with isolated hedges being intermediate), and more abundant in crop fields adjacent to hedgerows than adjacent to forest edges, indicating spillover from semi-natural habitats to the adjacent crop fields. Aphidophagous syrphid abundance was higher in semi-natural habitats adjacent to oilseed rape fields than adjacent to wheat fields if the proportion of oilseed rape in the landscape was low (indicating local concentration).Synthesis and applications. This study highlights the potential of hedgerows to enhance the abundances of beneficial syrphids and their spillover to adjacent crop fields, especially when they are connected with forests. We provide evidence that this local exchange is moderated by the extent of mass-flowering crops in the surrounding landscapes due to local concentration. Therefore, measurements for the improvement in local biological functioning should be evaluated by simultaneously investigating local and regional aspects of crop configurations to allow for region-specific management recommendations. Increasing the total amount of hedgerows in the agricultural matrix under moderate landscape-scale proportions of mass-flowering crops may serve best for the conservation of biodiversity and augmentation of important ecosystem services such as biological control and pollination in landscapes dominated by agricultural cultivations.This study highlights the potential of hedgerows to enhance the abundances of beneficial syrphids and their spillover to adjacent crop fields, especially when they are connected with forests. We provide evidence that this local exchange is moderated by the extent of mass-flowering crops in the surrounding landscapes due to local concentration. Therefore, measurements for the improvement in local biological functioning should be evaluated by simultaneously investigating local and regional aspects of crop configurations to allow for region-specific management recommendations. Increasing the total amount of hedgerows in the agricultural matrix under moderate landscape-scale proportions of mass-flowering crops may serve best for the conservation of biodiversity and augmentation of important ecosystem services such as biological control and pollination in landscapes dominated by agricultural cultivations.