Aurora A er etic n reveals centrosome-independent polarization mechanism in Caenorhabditis elegans
Aurora A er etic n reveals centrosome-independent polarization mechanism in Caenorhabditis elegans
复制标题
DOI：
10.7554/elife.44552
复制
发表时间：
2019-02-26
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Gonczy, Pierre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klinkert, Kerstin;Levernier, Nicolas;Gonczy, Pierre
生命系统如何有组织地打破对称性是生物学中的一个基本问题。在野生型秀丽隐杆线虫受精卵，对称性破缺在前-后轴规范的指导下，中心体，导致前向皮质流和一个单一的后PAR-2域。我们发现C。缺失AuroraA激酶AIR-1或完全缺乏中心体的线虫合子通常建立两个后部PAR-2结构域，每极一个。我们证明，AIR-1防止对称性破坏细胞周期的早期，而中心体AIR-1指示极性启动之后。使用三角形的微加工室，我们建立了双极性的空气-1（RNAi）胚胎有效地发生在细胞形状和曲率依赖的方式。此外，我们开发了一个综合的物理描述对称性破缺，其中局部PAR-2依赖性减弱的肌动蛋白皮质，加上相互抑制的前部和后部PAR蛋白，提供了一个机制，自发对称性破缺没有中心体。
How living systems break symmetry in an organized manner is a fundamental question in biology. In wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans zygotes, symmetry breaking during anterior-posterior axis specification is guided by centrosomes, resulting in anterior-directed cortical flows and a single posterior PAR-2 domain. We uncover that C. elegans zygotes depleted of the Aurora A kinase AIR-1 or lacking centrosomes entirely usually establish two posterior PAR-2 domains, one at each pole. We demonstrate that AIR-1 prevents symmetry breaking early in the cell cycle, whereas centrosomal AIR-1 instructs polarity initiation thereafter. Using triangular microfabricated chambers, we establish that bipolarity of air-1(RNAi) embryos occurs effectively in a cell-shape and curvature-dependent manner. Furthermore, we develop an integrated physical description of symmetry breaking, wherein local PAR-2-dependent weakening of the actin cortex, together with mutual inhibition of anterior and posterior PAR proteins, provides a mechanism for spontaneous symmetry breaking without centrosomes.