Fundamental Movement Skills in Children and Adolescents
Fundamental Movement Skills in Children and Adolescents
复制标题
儿童和青少年的基本运动技能
作者：
D. Lubans;P. Morgan;D. Cliff;L. Barnett;A. Okely
对基本运动技能（FMS）的掌握被认为有助于儿童的身体、认知和社会发展，并被认为是积极生活方式的基础。这些技能通常是在儿童时期发展起来的，随后被细化为特定于情境和运动的技能，包括运动（如跑步和跳跃）、操纵或物体控制（如接球和投掷）和稳定（如平衡和扭转）技能。促进儿童FMS发展的基本原理依赖于现有的证据，证明FMS熟练掌握在当前或未来会带来好处。本系统综述的目的是研究儿童和青少年FMS能力与潜在健康益处之间的关系。益处是根据能够影响公众健康的心理、生理和行为结果来定义的。2009年6月22日对EMBASE、OVID MEDLINE、PsycINFO、PubMed、Scopus和Sport- Discus®6个电子数据库进行了系统检索。纳入的研究包括横断面研究、纵向研究或涉及健康儿童或青少年（3-18岁）的实验研究，这些研究定量分析了FMS能力与潜在益处之间的关系。研究人员找到了21篇研究FMS能力与8个潜在利益（即整体自我概念、感知身体能力、心肺健康、肌肉健康、体重状况、灵活性、身体活动和减少久坐行为）之间关系的文章。我们发现了强有力的证据，证明儿童和青少年的FMS能力与体育活动之间存在正相关。FMS胜任力与CRF呈显著正相关，与体重状况呈负相关。由于研究数量不足，FMS胜任力与剩余利益之间的关系被归类为不确定。建议进行更多的纵向和干预研究，以检验FMS能力与儿童和青少年潜在的心理、生理和行为结果之间的关系。
The mastery of fundamental movement skills (FMS) has been purported as contributing to children’s physical, cognitive and social development and is thought to provide the foundation for an active lifestyle. Commonly developed in childhood and subsequently refined into context- and sport-specific skills, they include locomotor (e.g. running and hopping), manipulative or object control (e.g. catching and throwing) and stability (e.g. balancing and twisting) skills. The rationale for promoting the development of FMS in childhood relies on the existence of evidence on the current or future benefits associated with the acquisition of FMS proficiency. The objective of this systematic review was to examine the relationship between FMS competency and potential health benefits in children and adolescents. Benefits were defined in terms of psychological, physiological and behavioural outcomes that can impact public health. A systematic search of six electronic databases (EMBASE, OVID MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Sport- Discus®) was conducted on 22 June 2009. Included studies were crosssectional, longitudinal or experimental studies involving healthy children or adolescents (aged 3–18 years) that quantitatively analysed the relationship between FMS competency and potential benefits. The search identified 21 articles examining the relationship between FMS competency and eight potential benefits (i.e. global self-concept, perceived physical competence, cardio-respiratory fitness [CRF], muscular fitness, weight status, flexibility, physical activity and reduced sedentary behaviour). We found strong evidence for a positive association between FMS competency and physical activity in children and adolescents. There was also a positive relationship between FMS competency and CRF and an inverse association between FMS competency and weight status. Due to an inadequate number of studies, the relationship between FMS competency and the remaining benefits was classified as uncertain. More longitudinal and intervention research examining the relationship between FMS competency and potential psychological, physiological and behavioural outcomes in children and adolescents is recommended.