An affect theory of social exchange
An affect theory of social exchange
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DOI：
10.1086/324071
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发表时间：
2001-09-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Lawler, EJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lawler, EJ
本文发展了一种理论，解释了社会交换产生的情绪如何以及何时与关系、群体或网络产生更强或更弱的联系。有人认为，社会交换产生积极或消极的全球感受，这是内部奖励或惩罚。该理论表明，社会单位（关系，群体，网络）被视为这些感觉的来源，取决于交换任务中的联合程度。如果（1）行动者发现很难区分他们对解决交换任务的个人影响或贡献（不可分离性），以及（2）行动者认为交换任务的成功或失败有共同的责任，则任务的联合性最大。该理论阐述了不同的交换结构对这些条件的影响，进而对凝聚力和团结的影响。网络到组的转换的影响。
This article develops a theory that explains how and when emotions, produced by social exchange, generate stronger or weaker ties to relations, groups, or networks. It is argued that social exchange produces positive or negative global feelings, which are internally rewarding or punishing. The theory indicates that social units (relations, groups, networks) are perceived as a source of these feelings, contingent on the degree of jointness in the exchange task. The jointness of the task is greatest if (1) actors find it difficult to distinguish their individual effects on or contributions to solving the exchange task (nonseparability) and (2) actors perceive a shared responsibility for success or failure at the exchange task. The theory explicates the effects of different exchange structures on these conditions and, in turn, on cohesion and solidarity. Implications are developed for network-to-group transformations.