Development of echolocation calls and neural selectivity for echolocation calls in the pallid bat.
Development of echolocation calls and neural selectivity for echolocation calls in the pallid bat.
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苍白蝙蝠回声定位呼叫的发展和回声定位呼叫的神经选择性。
DOI：
10.1002/dneu.22226
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Fuzessery,ZoltanM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Razak,KhaleelA;Fuzessery,ZoltanM
对鸟类鸣叫和对鸣叫的神经选择性的研究为行为和听觉系统同步发展的原理提供了重要的见解。相对而言，我们对哺乳动物听觉系统在发声或其他行为相关声音方面的发育知之甚少。这一综述表明，回声定位蝙蝠是研究听觉行为发展的合适哺乳动物模型系统。回声定位呼叫的简单性与已知的行为相关性和强大的神经选择性提供了一个平台，以解决自然经验如何塑造皮层感受野（RF）机制。我们总结了最近在苍白蝙蝠的研究，随着发展的回声定位呼叫和皮层处理这种呼叫。我们还讨论了小胡子蝙蝠的类似研究进行比较。这些研究表明：(1)对同一发声的不同声学特征存在不同的发育敏感期。潜在的基础是射频的一些组件可以独立于其他组件进行修改的能力。一些涉及呼叫处理的射频计算和地图甚至在耳蜗成熟之前和在飞行中使用回声定位之前就存在了。另一些则需要更长的时间。(2)需要正常的经验，不仅是为了完善，而且是为了维护以经验独立的方式发展的反应特性。(3)经验利用抑制性和兴奋性射频成分在时间上的毫秒范围变化作为形成发声选择性的基础。我们认为，蝙蝠种类和呼叫多样性为解决发声处理神经机制进化中的发育限制提供了独特的机会。©2014 Wiley期刊公司中国生物医学工程学报（英文版），2015
Studies of birdsongs and neural selectivity for songs have provided important insights into principles of concurrent behavioral and auditory system development. Relatively little is known about mammalian auditory system development in terms of vocalizations or other behaviorally relevant sounds. This review suggests echolocating bats are suitable mammalian model systems to understand development of auditory behaviors. The simplicity of echolocation calls with known behavioral relevance and strong neural selectivity provides a platform to address how natural experience shapes cortical receptive field (RF) mechanisms. We summarize recent studies in the pallid bat that followed development of echolocation calls and cortical processing of such calls. We also discuss similar studies in the mustached bat for comparison. These studies suggest: (1) there are different developmental sensitive periods for different acoustic features of the same vocalization. The underlying basis is the capacity for some components of the RF to be modified independent of others. Some RF computations and maps involved in call processing are present even before the cochlea is mature and well before use of echolocation in flight. Others develop over a much longer time course. (2) Normal experience is required not just for refinement, but also for maintenance, of response properties that develop in an experience independent manner. (3) Experience utilizes millisecond range changes in timing of inhibitory and excitatory RF components as substrates to shape vocalization selectivity. We suggest that bat species and call diversity provide a unique opportunity to address developmental constraints in the evolution of neural mechanisms of vocalization processing. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 75: 1125–1139, 2015