Brain Structure Relations With Psychopathology Trajectories in the ABCD Study.
Brain Structure Relations With Psychopathology Trajectories in the ABCD Study.
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ABCD 研究中大脑结构与精神病理学轨迹的关系。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jaac.2023.02.002
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Pizzagalli,DiegoA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Romer,AdrienneL;Ren,Boyu;Pizzagalli,DiegoA
目的：一个通用的精神病理学(p)因素捕获了精神障碍之间的共同变异。结构神经改变与该因子同时相关，但这些改变是否与该因子随时间的个人变化有关，特别是在青春期前，这是一个神经发育变化的时期，这一点尚不清楚。方法本研究在9220名青少年前（基线年龄9-10岁）的青少年脑认知发展研究（ABCD）中调查了基线脑结构是否与该因子的发展轨迹和特定形式的精神病理有前瞻性关系。采用纵向多水平模型来确定基线脑结构（体积、表面积、厚度）是否与三个研究波的人之间差异和人内部因素变化（来自高阶验证性因素模型）以及内化、外化、神经发育、躯体化和脱离因素得分（来自相关因素模型）相关。结果：较小的整体体积和表面积，而不是厚度，与较高的人际因子得分水平相关，这种情况会随着时间的推移而持续存在。没有一项大脑结构测量与因子得分的个人变化有关。较低的基线皮质厚度与内在化精神病理的急剧下降相关，这是由感觉运动区和颞叶区较低的厚度驱动的。结论这些新结果确定了特定的大脑结构特征，可能有助于青春期前的跨诊断精神病理发展。总脑容量和表面积较小的儿童在青春期前可能容易出现持续的一般精神病理。在青春期前，反映感觉运动和颞脑区的修剪和髓鞘形成的皮质变薄可能特别保护内化的增加，但不是一般的精神病理。
ObjectiveA general psychopathology (p) factor captures shared variation across mental disorders. Structural neural alterations have been associated with thepfactor concurrently, but less is known about whether these alterations relate to within-person change in thepfactor over time, especially during preadolescence, a period of neurodevelopmental changes.MethodThis study examined whether baseline brain structure was prospectively related to the trajectory of thepfactor and specific forms of psychopathology over 2 years in 9,220 preadolescents (aged 9-10 at baseline) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD). Longitudinal multilevel models were conducted to determine whether baseline brain structure (volume, surface area, thickness) was associated with between-person differences and within-person change in thepfactor (from a higher-order confirmatory factor model) and internalizing, externalizing, neurodevelopmental, somatization, and detachment factor scores (from a correlated factors model) over 3 study waves.ResultsSmaller global volume and surface area, but not thickness, were associated with higher between-person levels of thepfactor scores, which persisted over time. None of the brain structure measures were related to within-person change in thepfactor scores. Lower baseline cortical thickness was associated with steeper decreases in internalizing psychopathology, which was driven by lower thickness within sensorimotor and temporal regions.ConclusionThese novel results identify specific brain structure features that might contribute to transdiagnostic psychopathology development in preadolescence. Children with smaller total brain volume and surface area may be vulnerable to persistent general psychopathology during preadolescence. Cortical thinning reflective of pruning and myelination in sensorimotor and temporal brain regions specifically may protect against increases in internalizing, but not general psychopathology, during preadolescence.