Exchange, Replacement, or Acceptance? : Two Examples of Lending Deities among Ethnic Groups in Elephantine
Exchange, Replacement, or Acceptance? : Two Examples of Lending Deities among Ethnic Groups in Elephantine
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交换、更换还是接受？
DOI：
10.1163/9789004336919_004
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bob Becking
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bob Becking
在这篇文章中，我想要注意的是公元前5世纪用阿拉姆语和大众语言写成的介形文字和纸莎草集。20世纪初，德国和法国考古学家从埃及南部尼罗河上的象牙岛和尼罗河对岸的锡安城发现了大量的文字文件。这些文件见证了波斯边防军一个多世纪的存在：从坎比西斯征服埃及后不久到公元前400年左右埃及重新获得独立。对这些文件的研究一直被贝扎莱尔·波滕在1968.1出版的宏伟著作中清楚地看到的方法所主导，经过这么多年，这本书仍然是基础性的。然而，它的副标题暴露了一个全神贯注的问题：来自大象的档案：古代犹太军事殖民地的生活。通过将伊利芬丁的耶胡达恩视为犹太人，一个次要的范例被解释为产生了各种具体的问题：这些犹太人有多“犹太人”？它们与波斯时期新兴的犹太教“以色列”有什么联系？2《大象》中的经文是不是呈现了某种《圣经》之前的犹太教？3直到最近，学者们才开始研究
In this paper, I would like to pay attention to a collection of ostraca and papyri, written in Aramaic and Demotic, from the fifth century BCE. In the beginning of the twentieth century German and French archaeologists discovered a great amount of written documents from the island of Elephantine in the Nile in southern Egypt and the city Syene on the banks of the Nile opposite Elephantine. These documents witness the presence of a Persian border garrison for over a century: from shortly after Cambyses’s conquest of Egypt up to the regaining of Egyptian independence around 400 BCE. Research into these documents has been dominated by the type of approach seen clearly in the magnificent book by Bezalel Porten published in 1968.1 After all those years this book still is foundational. Its subtitle, however, betrays a preoccupation: Archives from Elephantine: The Life of an AncientJewish Military Colony. By considering the yehudayîn of Elephantine as Jews a minor paradigm was construed that yielded all sorts of specific questions: How “Jewish” were these Jews? What was their connection with the emerging Judaism in Persian Period “Israel”? 2 Are the texts from Elephantine presenting some sort of pre-biblical Judaism? 3 It is only recently that scholars came to