Facile large-scale synthesis of vertically aligned CuO nanowires on nickel foam: growth mechanism and remarkable electrochemical performance
Facile large-scale synthesis of vertically aligned CuO nanowires on nickel foam: growth mechanism and remarkable electrochemical performance
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DOI：
10.1039/c3ta14767c
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发表时间：
2014-02
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Qiaobao Zhang;Jiexi Wang;Daguo Xu;Zhixing Wang;Xinhai Li;Kaili Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Qiaobao Zhang;Jiexi Wang;Daguo Xu;Zhixing Wang;Xinhai Li;Kaili Zhang
利用电子束蒸发的铜薄膜在静态空气中的简易热氧化方法，成功地在泡沫镍上直接生长了大规模垂直取向的CuO单晶纳米线。提出了一种基于应力驱动晶界扩散和铜原子/离子表面扩散的生长机制来解释泡沫镍表面CuO纳米线的形成。所得CuO纳米线直接用作锂离子电池的无粘结剂和导电剂电极，表现出优异的电化学性能，具有优异的容量保持率和高倍率循环性能。以100 mA g−1的电流密度循环50次后，其可逆容量稳定在692 mA h g−1,600次循环后仍保持445 mA h g−1的高容量，在1000 mA g−1的大电流密度下仍保持95.7%的容量保持率。
Large-scale vertically aligned single crystalline CuO nanowires grown directly on nickel foam have been successfully fabricated by facile thermal oxidation of e-beam evaporated Cu thin films in static air. A growth mechanism based on stress-driven grain-boundary diffusion associated with surface diffusion of Cu atoms/ions is proposed to explain the formation of CuO nanowires on nickel foam. The resulting CuO nanowires are directly used as binder- and conductive-agent-free electrodes for lithium ion batteries and demonstrate remarkable electrochemical performance with excellent capacity retention and high rate capability on cycling. It can deliver a stable reversible capacity of 692 mA h g−1 after 50 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g−1 and maintain a high reversible capacity of 445 mA h g−1 over 600 cycles with 95.7% capacity retention even at a high current density of 1000 mA g−1. Such superior electrochemical performance of the electrodes made by directly growing electro-active aligned CuO nanowires on conductive 3D nickel foam makes them have very promising applications in high-performance lithium ion batteries.