Three Gorges Project: Chance and Challenge
Three Gorges Project: Chance and Challenge
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DOI：
10.1126/science.304.5671.681b
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发表时间：
2004-04
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
G. Shen;Zongqiang Xie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Shen;Zongqiang Xie
然而，三峡工程的建设也将对三峡库区的生态系统带来巨大的挑战。它将影响大坝上游至少2000万人和下游另外3亿人的生计（2），并将通过与大坝相关的活动（如新城市，县，乡镇和道路的建设）将大型连续栖息地分割成较小的斑块（见图）。这些活动将改变生物群的多样性和组成（3，4），改变生态过程，如养分和水循环（5），并最终对三峡库区和长江中下游广大地区的生态安全构成巨大威胁（6）。此外，在TGRA的生态系统破碎化的预期影响的信息是缺乏的，因此，迫切需要进行实证研究，这种破碎化。以下措施是为TGRA提出的，但也可能对世界上许多其他地区产生重要影响。1）迫切需要评估生态系统破碎化影响的现场监测站。TGRA将改变系统组织的自然层次结构，而人们对这一过程知之甚少。虽然TGRA已经建立了22个现场站用于研究和监测目的，但只有少数几个提供研究生态系统破碎化的方案。
However, the construction will also pose great challenges to the ecosystem of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA). It will affect the livelihood of at least 20 million people above the dam and another 300 million downstream (2), and it will fragment large, continuous habitats into smaller patches through dam-related activities such as construction of new cities, counties, townships, and roads (see figure). These activities will alter the diversity and composition of biota (3, 4), change ecological processes like nutrient and water cycling (5), and ultimately pose a great threat to the ecological safety of both the TGRA and the vast regions of middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (6). Furthermore, information on the expected impacts of ecosystem fragmentation in the TGRA is lacking; it is thus urgent to carry out empirical studies about this fragmentation. The following measures are proposed for the TGRA, but may also have important implications for many other parts of the world.1) On-the-spot monitoring stations that evaluate the impact of ecosystem fragmentation are urgently needed. The TGRA will alter natural hierarchies of system organization, and little is known about this process. Although 22 on-the-spot stations have been established for research and monitoring purposes in the TGRA, only a few offer programs to study ecosystem fragmentation.