Disposition and analgesic cockatoos effects of fentanyl in white (Cacatua alba)
Disposition and analgesic cockatoos effects of fentanyl in white (Cacatua alba)
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DOI：
10.1647/2002-008
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发表时间：
2003-09-01
影响因子：
0.3
通讯作者：
Paul-Murphy, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoppes, S;Flammer, K;Paul-Murphy, J
芬太尼是一种Mu阿片激动剂，其止痛力是吗啡的80-100倍。芬太尼在几种哺乳动物中用于缓解剧烈疼痛，但尚未在鹦鹉身上进行研究。为了确定芬太尼在健康白凤头(Cacatua Alba)体内的药理作用，我们测定了肌肉注射芬太尼0.01或0.02 mg/kg后连续采集的样品中芬太尼的血药浓度。为了研究芬太尼对清醒鹦鹉的镇痛作用，我们比较了注射2种不同剂量(0.02 mg/kg肌注或0.2 mg/kg SC)芬太尼的鹦鹉和注射生理盐水的鹦鹉在给药前后电和热伤害性刺激水平的变化。芬太尼吸收迅速，血药浓度下降，消除半衰期为1.2~1.4小时。在0.02毫克/公斤剂量下，被认为是人类止痛药的血浆浓度保持至少2小时。然而，注射生理盐水和注射0.02 mg/kg芬太尼的镇痛反应没有显著差异。虽然0.2 mg/kg的SC剂量对一些禽类有显著的镇痛作用，但不建议将此剂量的芬太尼作为常规止痛剂，因为必须注射大量药物，并且此剂量会导致某些禽类的多动。
Fentanyl is a mu opioid agonist with 80-100 times the analgesic potency of morphine. Fentanyl is used in several mammalian species for relief of severe pain, but its use has not been investigated in psittacine birds. To determine the pharmacologic disposition of fentanyl in healthy white cockatoos (Cacatua alba), we measured fentanyl plasma concentrations in sequentially collected samples after administration of fentanyl at 0.01 or 0.02 mg/kg IM. To investigate the analgesic effects of fentanyl in conscious cockatoos, we compared the change in pre- and posttreatment levels of electrical and thermal noxious stimuli necessary to elicit a withdrawal response in birds administered fentanyl at 2 different doses (0.02 mg/kg IM or 0.2 mg/kg SC) and those given saline. Fentanyl was rapidly absorbed and plasma concentrations declined with an elimination half-life of 1.2-1.4 hours. Plasma concentrations considered to be analgesic in humans were maintained for at least 2 hours with the 0.02 mg/kg dose. However, no significant difference was found in analgesic response between birds given saline and those given fentanyl at 0.02 mg/kg IM. Although the 0.2 mg/kg SC dose provided significant analgesia in some birds, fentanyl at this dose is not recommended as a routine analgesic agent because a large volume of drug must be injected and this dose causes hyperactivity in some birds.