Acute effects of cocaine on the neurobiology of cognitive control
Acute effects of cocaine on the neurobiology of cognitive control
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2008.0106
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发表时间：
2008-10-12
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Hester, Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garavan, Hugh;Kaufman, Jacqueline N.;Hester, Robert
对毒品冲动和寻求毒品行为施加控制的能力受损是上瘾的一个特征。冲动控制是一种特殊的认知控制功能，已被证明是发生实质性问题的风险因素，并在动物模型中与更多的用药和复发联系在一起。我们提出了可卡因对潜在的冲动控制的神经生物学有直接影响的证据。在一项运动反应抑制的实验室测试中，静脉注射可卡因改善了13名可卡因使用者的任务表现。这种改善伴随着右侧背外侧和额叶下部皮质激活的增加，这两个区域被认为是这种认知功能的关键区域。同样，对于抑制控制和动作监测过程，可卡因使前额外侧和内侧区域的激活水平正常化，此前有报道称，相对于药物未成熟的对照组，吸毒者的激活水平较低。神经认知功能障碍的急性改善可能反映了这些大脑区域及其附属的认知过程的慢性失调。此外，可卡因对中线功能的影响表明，可卡因的急性增强效应与其对认知控制的影响之间存在多巴胺介导的交集。
Compromised ability to exert control over drug urges and drug-seeking behaviour is a characteristic of addiction. One specific cognitive control function, impulse control, has been shown to be a risk factor for the development of substance problems and has been linked in animal models to increased drug administration and relapse. We present evidence of a direct effect of cocaine on the neurobiology underlying impulse control. In a laboratory test of motor response inhibition, an intravenous cocaine administration improved task performance in 13 cocaine users. This improvement was accompanied by increased activation in right dorsolateral and inferior frontal cortex, regions considered critical for this cognitive function. Similarly, for both inhibitory control and action monitoring processes, cocaine normalized activation levels in lateral and medial prefrontal regions previously reported to be hypoactive in users relative to drug-naive controls. The acute amelioration of neurocognitive dysfunction may reflect a chronic dysregulation of those brain regions and the cognitive processes they subserve. Furthermore, the effects of cocaine on midline function suggest a dopaminergically mediated intersection between cocaine's acute reinforcing effects and its effects on cognitive control.