Contextualizing pandemics: Respiratory survivorship before, during, and after the 1918 influenza pandemic in Newfoundland
Contextualizing pandemics: Respiratory survivorship before, during, and after the 1918 influenza pandemic in Newfoundland
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流行病背景:1918 年纽芬兰流感大流行之前、期间和之后的呼吸道幸存者
DOI:
10.1002/ajpa.24678
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kelmelis, Saige
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
van Doren, Taylor P.;Kelmelis, Saige
BackgroundResearch on the 1918 influenza pandemic often focuses exclusively on pandemic years, reducing the potential long‐term insights about the pandemic. It is critical to frame the 1918 pandemic within the underlying population dynamics, health, and sociocultural context to understand what factors contributed to pandemic mortality and survivorship, with respect to observed inequality, and consequences of the pandemic.Materials & MethodsIndividual death records and censuses from The Rooms Provincial Archives and Memorial University of Newfoundland Digital Archives for three major causes of death—influenza and pneumonia; tuberculosis; and pooled bronchitis, measles, and whooping cough—were collected for three periods in the early 20th century: pre‐pandemic (1909–11), pandemic (March 1918–Janaury 1919), and post‐pandemic (1933–1935). We calculated pooled age‐standardized mortality rates and changes in pre‐ to post‐pandemic mortality rates by region. We fit Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazards models to each period, controlling for age, cause of death, and region.ResultsPandemic mortality was higher than that of pre‐ and post‐pandemic periods. Post‐pandemic mortality was significantly lower than pre‐pandemic mortality in all regions, except Western Newfoundland. Survival was lowest during the pandemic and increased significantly post‐pandemic (p< 0.0001), with no significant differences among regions during the pandemic (p= 0.32). Significant differences in survivorship in 1933–1935 were driven by increasing differences in survivorship for P&I among the regions more than other causes of death.DiscussionMyopic perspectives of pandemics can obscure our understanding of observed outcomes. Inequalities in respiratory disease mortality are evident in pre‐ and post‐pandemic periods, but these would have been missed in investigations of the pandemic period alone.
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影响因子:
2.9
作者:
Paskoff, Taylor;Sattenspiel, Lisa
通讯作者:
Sattenspiel, Lisa
DOI:
--
发表时间:
1988
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
C. Sharpe
通讯作者:
C. Sharpe
影响因子:
2.9
作者:
D. M. Schmidt;L. Sattenspiel
通讯作者:
L. Sattenspiel
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2006
期刊:
New South Wales Public Health Bulletin
影响因子:
--
作者:
P. Curson;K. Mccracken
通讯作者:
K. Mccracken
影响因子:
3.5
作者:
A. Wiley;Jennifer M Cullin
通讯作者:
Jennifer M Cullin