Visual Attention Modulates Insight Versus Analytic Solving of Verbal Problems.
Visual Attention Modulates Insight Versus Analytic Solving of Verbal Problems.
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DOI：
10.7771/1932-6246.1127
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Beeman M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wegbreit E;Suzuki S;Grabowecky M;Kounios J;Beeman M
行为和神经成像结果表明，不同的认知和神经过程是解决问题的突发性洞察力的基础。此外，注意力不集中的人有时在洞察力和创造性问题解决能力的测试中表现得更好。然而，目前还不清楚个体内不同的注意力状态是否会影响用洞察力或分析解决问题的可能性。在这项实验中，受试者(N=40)先完成一组语言问题，然后完成两项视觉任务中的一项，每项任务都强调视觉注意的一个不同方面，然后是第二组语言问题，以评估表现的变化。在参与者参与了需要相对集中的视觉注意力的中心侧翼任务后，他们报告说，他们用分析处理解决了更多的语言问题。相比之下，在参与者参与了一项需要注意广阔空间和弱联想的快速物体识别任务后，他们报告说，他们解决了更多具有洞察力的语言问题。这些结果表明，一般注意机制既影响视觉注意任务的执行，也影响言语问题的解决。
Behavioral and neuroimaging findings indicate that distinct cognitive and neural processes underlie solving problems with sudden insight. Moreover, people with less focused attention sometimes perform better on tests of insight and creative problem solving. However, it remains unclear whether different states of attention, within individuals, influence the likelihood of solving problems with insight or with analysis. In this experiment, participants (N = 40) performed a baseline block of verbal problems, then performed one of two visual tasks, each emphasizing a distinct aspect of visual attention, followed by a second block of verbal problems to assess change in performance. After participants engaged in a center-focused flanker task requiring relatively focused visual attention, they reported solving more verbal problems with analytic processing. In contrast, after participants engaged in a rapid object identification task requiring attention to broad space and weak associations, they reported solving more verbal problems with insight. These results suggest that general attention mechanisms influence both visual attention task performance and verbal problem solving.