Empathy-induced altruism in a prisoner's dilemma II: what if the target of empathy has defected?
Empathy-induced altruism in a prisoner's dilemma II: what if the target of empathy has defected?
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DOI：
10.1002/ejsp.26
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Ahmad, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Batson, CD;Ahmad, N
如果一次审判囚犯困境的参与者在做出决定之前就知道另一个人已经背叛了呢？从经典博弈论的角度来看：两难困境不再存在。显然，他们也最好叛逃。然而，同理心-利他主义假设预测，如果他们对他人产生同理心，那么就会出现一个两难的局面：利己主义会建议背叛;同理心引发的利他主义则不会。这种动机冲突至少会导致一些被共情唤醒的人不会背叛。以终止这个预言。我们将60名女大学生置于一个囚徒困境中，在这个困境中，她们知道另一个已经背叛了。在那些没有被诱导产生同情心的人中，只有极少数（0.05）人没有背叛。在那些被诱导对他人产生同情的人中，几乎一半（0.45）没有背叛。这些结果强调了共情诱导的利他主义影响囚徒困境中的反应的力量。版权所有（C）2001约翰威利父子有限公司
What if participants in a one-trial prisoner's dilemma know before making their decision that the other person has already defected? From the perspective of classic game theory: a dilemma no longer exists. It is clearly in their best interest to defect too. The empathy-altruism hypothesis predicts, however that if they feel empathy for the other then a dilemma remains: self-interest counsels defection; empathy-induced altruism counsels not. This motivational conflict should lead at least some empathically aroused individuals not to defect. To rest this prediction. we placed 60 undergraduate women in a one trial prisoner's dilemma in which they knew the other had already defected Among those not induced to feel empathy very few (0.05) did not defect in return. Among those induced to feel empathy for the other, almost half (0.45) did not defect. These results underscore the power of empathy-induced altruism to affect responses in a prisoner's dilemma. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.