PREFERENCE OF PREY SIZE AND PROFITABILITY IN BARN OWLS TYTO ALBA GUTTATA
PREFERENCE OF PREY SIZE AND PROFITABILITY IN BARN OWLS TYTO ALBA GUTTATA
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谷仓猫头鹰 TYTO ALBA Guttata 对猎物大小的偏好和盈利能力
DOI：
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Ille
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Ille
在实验条件下，研究了圈养饲养的仓鸮亚种alba guttata对猎物大小（重量）的偏好。他们可以选择三种体重等级（3/10克；10/40克；40/160克）的较大和较小的猎物，或者是活跃的或不活跃的（实验小鼠，小家鼠；实验大鼠，褐家鼠）。选择较小的猎物的频率从最低到最高，从不活跃到活跃的猎物显著增加。最常见的是，猫头鹰选择10克和40克的猎物。结果表明，猎物的大小和活动对决策的影响是相等的。预测了仓鸮会选择哪种特定大小的猎物。随着猎物重量的增加，被打断的捕食行为和对猎物的冲突行为（披风、羽毛褶皱）的频率增加。可接受活动大鼠的最高体重约为80 g。一只雄鸟，必须为它的雌性和雏鸟提供食物，制服了更大的猎物。虽然相对盈利能力（净营养价值/单位时间），根据处理猎物的持续时间计算，随着猎物重量的增加而下降，但在一定条件下，仓鸮选择较大的猎物。我讨论了一种策略，该策略可以在搜索和隐藏项目时折衷时间和精力成本。
Barn owls of the subspecies Tyto alba guttata which had been bred in captivity, and which had experience with prey, were examined for preferences in prey size (weight) under experimental conditions. They were offered a choice of larger and smaller prey of three weight classes (3/10 g; 10/40 g; 40/160 g) either active or inactive (laboratory mice, Mus musculus; laboratory rats, Rattus norvegicus). The frequency of choices of smaller prey increased significantly from the lowest to the highest weight class, and from inactive to active prey. Most frequently, the owls selected prey of 10 g and 40 g. It was shown that both prey size and activity had an equal influence on the decisions. Predictions were made as to which particular prey size a barn owl was going to choose. With increasing prey weight, the frequency of interrupted prey catching acts and conflict behaviour (mantling, feather ruffling) towards the prey, increased. The upper weight for acceptable active rats was about 80 g. One male, which had to supply his female and nestlings with food, subdued somewhat larger prey. Although relative profitability (net nutritive value/unit of time), calculated from the duration of handling prey, decreased with increasing prey weight, the barn owls chose the larger prey under certain conditions. I discuss a strategy which compromises time and energy costs with the search and subduction of the item.