PATHOLOGY OF COMMON PULMONARY FUNGAL-INFECTIONS
PATHOLOGY OF COMMON PULMONARY FUNGAL-INFECTIONS
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DOI：
10.1097/00005382-199209000-00003
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发表时间：
1992-09-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
HAQUE, AK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HAQUE, AK
自20世纪60年代以来，真菌性肺炎的发病率急剧增加，特别是在免疫功能低下的患者中。真菌感染可分为地方性和机会性两种。一般来说，真正致病的（地方性的）真菌感染健康的个体，而机会真菌通常只感染免疫功能低下的宿主。几乎所有常见的真菌感染都是通过吸入被污染的土壤而获得的，从而导致肺部感染。一旦进入肺部，真菌引起组织反应，从急性渗出反应到肉芽肿反应。肺部病变可能消退。进展为长期慢性病程，或扩散到其他器官，导致全身感染。真菌感染的诊断取决于微生物的培养或组织学证明；血清学检查可证实诊断。组织中的真菌可通过苏木精染色和伊红染色进行鉴定，但通常需要特殊的染色，如Gomori的甲基苯丙胺银染色和周期性酸-希夫试剂。
The incidence of fungal pneumonias has increased dramatically since the 1960s, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Fungal infections may be divided into endemic and opportunistic varieties. In general, the truly pathogenic (endemic) fungi infect healthy individuals, and opportunistic fungi usually infect only immunocompromised hosts. Almost all common fungal infections are acquired by inhalation of contaminated Soil, resulting in pulmonary infections. Once in the lungs, the fungi elicit tissue responses ranging from acute exudative reactions to granulomatous reactions. The pulmonary lesions may resolve. progress to a prolonged chronic course, or disseminate to other organs, resulting in systemic infections. The diagnosis of fungal infection depends on the demonstration of the organisms by culture or histoloy; serologic tests may confirm the diagnosis. Fungi in tissues can be identified by hematoxylin and eosin stains, but special stains such as Gomori's methenamine silver and periodic acid-Schiff reagent are often required for diagnosis.