Uber, Marshrutkas and socially (dis-)embedded mobilities
Uber, Marshrutkas and socially (dis-)embedded mobilities
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Uber、Marshrutkas 和社交（去）嵌入移动出行
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wladimir Sgibnev
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Rekhviashvili;Wladimir Sgibnev
本文提供了第一个关于拼车（拼车外包）实践和非正规交通的比较讨论。它主要关注Uber和marshrutkas--这是一种在许多后苏联城市流行的社会和经济上至关重要的移动服务。缺乏或逃避国家法规、运输工人的低劳动标准以及乘客的高安全风险，将高科技的全球化企业拼车行业和低科技的本地化marshrutkas联系在一起。数字技术的飞跃使得招募运输工人、协调活动的非地域化、倡导避免监管和吸引大量资本投资变得更加容易。在全球北方的城市，这导致了以前相对受保护的劳动关系的非正式化。在全球南方的城市，这可能涉及失去横向嵌入的共享交通模式，而有利于公司的乘车外包：劳动力的进一步分散和异化，而没有解决负外部性问题。
This article offers a first comparative discussion about ride-sharing (ride-sourcing) practices and informal transport. It focuses primarily on Uber, and marshrutkas – a socially and economically crucial mobility offer prevailing in many post-Soviet cities. The absence or evasion of state regulations, low labour standards of transport workers, and high safety risks for passengers unite the high-tech globalised corporate ride-sourcing sector and low-tech localised marshrutkas. The digital technological leap has made it infinitely easier to recruit transport workers to de-territorialise coordination activities, to advocate for avoiding regulations and draw significant capital investments. In cities of the Global North this leads to an informalisation of formerly relatively protected labour relations. In cities of the Global South, this can involve the loss of horizontally embedded modes of shared transport, in favour of corporate ride-sourcing: further fragmentation and alienation of the labour force, without solving issues of negative externalities.