Ancient human bones studied and compared by near infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and chemometrics
Ancient human bones studied and compared by near infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and chemometrics
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通过近红外光谱、热重分析和化学计量学研究和比较古代人类骨骼
DOI：
10.1177/0967033518819417
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
F. Marini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Biancolillo;M. Tomassetti;R. Bucci;Simona Izzo;F. Candilio;F. Marini
为了研究意大利中南部两个不同墓地（Cavo degli Zucchi和Elea Velia）的古代（前罗马/罗马）人骨，近红外光谱和热重法与化学计量学探索方法相结合。这些发现已经通过主成分分析进行了调查，并与两个苏丹墓地（Saggai和Geili）的古人类骨骼进行了比较。来自非洲和欧洲墓地的样本，主要在两个方面不同：埋葬程序和他们的历史时期。欧洲地区适用的仪式涉及火葬，而非洲墓地适用的仪式则没有。意大利遗址（Cavo degli Zucchi和Elea Velia）的骨头是前罗马/罗马人，而其他遗址（来自尼罗河中部）来自史前，梅罗时代和基督教苏丹时代。近红外光谱和热重测量分别或通过中级数据融合方法进行了分析。近红外光谱数据的主成分分析可以区分燃烧和未燃烧的样品，而从基于整个衍生热图的主成分分析模型中提取的分数图中，可以识别与不同年代样品相关的不同簇。数据融合分析得出的结论与基于热重数据的模型得出的结论相似。最后，不检查整个热重曲线，只对碳酸盐、总胶原蛋白和水分损失进行主成分分析。在这种情况下，数据融合方法产生了非常有趣的结果；事实上，这个模型清楚地表明，样本按照年龄和不同的埋葬仪式分组在不同的集群中。
Near infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry have been coupled with chemometric exploratory methods in order to investigate ancient (pre-Roman/Roman) human bones from two different necropolises in Central-South Italy (Cavo degli Zucchi and Elea Velia). These findings have been investigated by principal component analysis and they have also been compared with ancient human bones from two Sudanese necropolises (Saggai and Geili). Samples coming from African and European necropolises, mainly differ in two aspects: the burial procedures and their historical period. The ritual applied in the European region involved cremation, while the one applied in the African necropolises did not. Bones from Italian sites (Cavo degli Zucchi and Elea Velia) are Pre-Roman/Roman while the others (from middle Nile) come from the Prehistoric, Meroitic, and Christian Sudanese age. Near infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric measures have been analysed either individually or by a mid-level data-fusion approach. Principal component analysis of the near infrared spectroscopy data allowed differentiation between burnt and unburnt samples, while from the scores plots extracted from the principal component analysis model based on the entire derived thermograms, it was possible to recognize the different clusters related to the various dating of samples. The data-fusion analysis led to considerations similar to those obtained from the model based on thermogravimetry data. Finally, instead of inspecting the entire thermogravimetry curves, principal component analysis was carried out on carbonates, total collagen and water losses only. In this case, the data-fusion approach has led to extremely interesting results; in fact, this model clearly shows that samples group in separate clusters in agreement with their age and the different burial rituals.