What have novel imaging techniques revealed about metabolism in the aging brain?
What have novel imaging techniques revealed about metabolism in the aging brain?
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DOI：
10.2217/fnl.14.13
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Rothman DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin AL;Rothman DL
脑代谢随着年龄的增长而下降，并且在神经退行性疾病中以加速的方式进行。无创性神经影像学技术在识别衰老脑代谢生物标志物方面发挥了重要作用。特别地，具有氟-18（18F）-标记的2-氟-2-脱氧-d-葡萄糖示踪剂的PET和质子磁共振波谱（MRS）已被广泛用于监测脑代谢随时间的变化，识别阿尔茨海默病（AD）的风险并预测从轻度认知障碍向AD的转化。新的技术，包括PET碳-11匹兹堡化合物B，碳-13和磷-31 MRS，也已被引入到确定Aβ斑块沉积，线粒体功能和脑生物能量学在老化脑和神经退行性疾病。本文介绍了影像学技术的基本原理，综述了2-氟-2-脱氧-d-葡萄糖-PET、匹兹堡化合物B PET、质子、碳-13和磷-31 MRS对正常衰老脑、轻度认知功能障碍和AD代谢变化的研究结果，并讨论了神经影像学在神经退行性疾病有效干预和治疗中的潜力。
Brain metabolism declines with age and do so in an accelerated manner in neurodegenerative disorders. Noninvasive neuroimaging techniques have played an important role to identify the metabolic biomarkers in aging brain. Particularly, PET with fluorine-18 (18F)-labeled 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose tracer and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) have been widely used to monitor changes in brain metabolism over time, identify the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and predict the conversion from mild cognitive impairment to AD. Novel techniques, including PET carbon-11 Pittsburgh compound B, carbon-13 and phosphorus-31 MRS, have also been introduced to determine Aβ plaques deposition, mitochondrial functions and brain bioenergetics in aging brain and neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we introduce the basic principle of the imaging techniques, review the findings from 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose-PET, Pittsburgh compound B PET, proton, carbon-13 and phosphorus-31 MRS on changes in metabolism in normal aging brain, mild cognitive impairment and AD, and discuss the potential of neuroimaging to identify effective interventions and treatment efficacy for neurodegenerative disorders.