Clumsy Solutions for a Complex World
Clumsy Solutions for a Complex World
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复杂世界的笨拙解决方案
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Thompson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Verweij;M. Douglas;R. Ellis;C. Engel;F. Hendriks;S. Lohmann;S. Ney;S. Rayner;M. Thompson
对紧迫的社会弊病的成功解决办法往往是将一套有限的认识和解决问题的替代方法创新性地结合起来。这些相互冲突的政策观点证明、代表并源于四种不同的组织社会关系的方式：等级制度、个人主义、平均主义和宿命论。每一种观点：(1)提炼出经验和智慧的某些元素，而这些元素是其他观点所忽略的；(2)清楚地表达了相当一部分民众认为我们应该与他人、与自然相处的方式；(3)为了可持续发展，需要所有其他因素。因此，需要“笨拙的解决方案”——创造性地结合所有对立的观点来解决问题以及如何解决问题的政策。我们就全球变暖问题举例说明这些主张。
Successful solutions to pressing social ills tend to consist of innovative combinations of a limited set of alternative ways of perceiving and resolving the issues. These contending policy perspectives justify, represent and stem from four different ways of organizing social relations: hierarchy, individualism, egalitarianism and fatalism. Each of these perspectives: (1) distils certain elements of experience and wisdom that are missed by the others; (2) provides a clear expression of the way in which a significant portion of the populace feels we should live with one another and with nature; and (3) needs all of the others in order to be sustainable. ‘Clumsy solutions’– policies that creatively combine all opposing perspectives on what the problems are and how they should be resolved – are therefore called for. We illustrate these claims for the issue of global warming.