Climate change and human health in the Asia Pacific region: who will be most vulnerable?
Climate change and human health in the Asia Pacific region: who will be most vulnerable?
复制标题
DOI：
10.3354/cr011031
复制
发表时间：
1998-12-17
期刊：
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Weinstein, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Woodward, A;Hales, S;Weinstein, P
自组织系统适应环境变化，这种能力调节特定暴露和结果之间的关系。考虑到系统的适应能力，脆弱性可以被认为是系统对多重暴露的敏感性。本文描述了亚太地区易受气候变化影响的 5 个原因：破坏性增长、贫困、政治僵化、依赖和孤立。贫困人口总是面临更大的风险，因为他们的选择较少。然而，人口规模、定居密度和自然资源使用的快速增加也可能损害生态系统抵御环境逆境的缓冲能力，从而损害响应能力。公共卫生取决于积极响应的社会秩序。政治僵化可能是造成亚洲部分地区最近气候相关灾害严重影响的原因之一。依赖性（例如依赖他人获取信息）是脆弱性的一个重要原因，因为它证明了宿命论的合理性。由于人员和货物流动性的增加，地理上孤立的国家与国际命运紧密相连。在现代环境下，地处偏远可能成为一种负担。气候变化的脆弱性是由许多因素决定的，但对已经处于边缘的人群的健康影响无疑是最严重的。对于这些人群来说，气候变化是“超负荷”的另一个原因。人为引起的气候变化问题是全球性的、长期的，但这不应阻止政策制定者——为减少气候变化未来影响而采取的措施将更快带来其他好处。
Self-organising systems adapt to environmental change, and this ability modulates the relationship between specific exposures and outcomes. Vulnerability can be thought of as the sensitivity of the system to multiple exposures, taking into account the system's ability to adapt. This paper describes 5 causes of vulnerability to climate change in the Asia Pacific region: destructive growth, poverty, political rigidity, dependency and isolation. Impoverished populations are always at greater risk because they have fewer choices. However, rapid increases in population size, density of settlement and use of natural resources may also compromise responsiveness by damaging the buffering capacity of ecological systems against environmental adversity. Public health depends on a responsive social order. Political rigidity may have contributed to recent, severe impacts of climate-related disasters in parts of Asia. Dependency (such as reliance on others for information) is a potent cause of vulnerability because it justifies fatalism. Geographically isolated countries are tied firmly to international fortunes by the increased mobility of people and goads. Tn these modern circumstances remoteness may be a liability. Vulnerability to climate change win be shaped by many factors, but effects on health will undoubtedly be most severe in populations that are already marginal. For these populations, climate change is one further cause of 'over-load'. The problem of human-induced climate change is global in extent and is long term, but that should not deter policy-makers-measures taken to reduce the future impact of climate change will bring other benefits sooner.