The concept of prevention in psychiatry: a reexamination.
The concept of prevention in psychiatry: a reexamination.
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精神病学预防的概念：重新审视。
DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.1978.01770300128014
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发表时间：
1978
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Astrachan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Adler;D. Levinson;B. Astrachan
我们审查了目前的预防概念，并提出了一种新的办法。预防在精神病学的四个主要任务领域有不同的含义和功能：（1）医疗任务，（2）康复任务，（3）社会控制任务，（4）人文任务。初级和二级预防结构在医疗任务领域最有用。然而，当我们对病因学知之甚少时，精神疾病的初级预防努力只能取得有限的效果。二级预防是医疗护理任务的核心，早期诊断和治疗可能会导致成功的结果。疾病的三级预防和发育缺陷的初级预防是康复工作领域的工作。在社会控制和人文任务领域应用预防模式导致了严重的混乱。
We examine current concepts of prevention and offer a new approach. Prevention has different meanings and functions in the four major task areas of psychiatry: (1) medical tasks, (2) rehabilitative tasks, (3) social control tasks, and (4) humanistic tasks. Constructs of primary and secondary prevention are most useful in the medical task area. However, efforts at primary prevention of mental illness can have only limited effectiveness when we know so little about etiology. Secondary prevention is central to the medical caring tasks, where early diagnosis and treatment may lead to successful outcome. Tertiary prevention of disease and primary prevention of developmental defect are the work of the rehabilitative task area. The application of models of prevention in the social control and humanistic task areas has led to serious confusion.