Methodologic concerns regarding estimates of physical violence in sexual coercion: Overstatement or understatement?
Methodologic concerns regarding estimates of physical violence in sexual coercion: Overstatement or understatement?
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1001962219365
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发表时间：
2000-08-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Hunter, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alksnis, C;Desmarais, S;Hunter, N
近年来，询问女性是否遭受过身体暴力威胁的性暴力自我报告措施招致了批评。批评者声称，这些措施导致研究人员高估了性暴力的发生率。我们的研究通过收集有关性侵犯背景下威胁与武力的普遍性的数据来探讨这个问题。使用修订版的性经历量表（Koss 和 Gidycz，1985）向两所大学的女本科生（n(1) = 69；n(2) = 111）询问她们的性强迫经历。对原始项目中的四个进行了修改，以区分由于犯罪者使用身体暴力而发生的性接触和由于犯罪者威胁使用身体暴力而发生的性接触。对修订项目的分析表明，使用武力的可能性至少与威胁一样，对于某些类型的性行为，武力实际上比口头威胁更有可能。此外，所考虑的四种性行为中的三种的流行率数据并没有因使用武力威胁而显着改变。讨论了对妇女性强迫经历的未来研究的影响。
Self-report measures of sexual violence that ask women whether they have experienced threats of physical violence have attracted criticism in recent years; detractors claim that these measures lead researchers to overestimate the prevalence of sexual violence. Our study explored this issue by collecting data on the prevalence of threats versus force in the context of sexual aggression. Female undergraduates at two universities (n(1) = 69; n(2) = 111) were asked about their experiences with sexual coercion using a revised version of the Sexual Experiences Scale (Koss and Gidycz, 1985). Four of the original items were modified to distinguish between sexual contact that occurred as a result of a perpetrator using physical force and sexual contact that occurred because a perpetrator threatened physical violence. Analyses of the revised items revealed that the use of physical force was at least as likely as threats and that for some types of sexual acts, physical force was actually more likely than verbal threats. Furthermore, prevalence figures for three of the four types of sexual acts considered were not significantly altered by collapsing threat of force with use of force. Implications for future research on women's experiences of sexual coercion are discussed.