Ethics and policy of medical brain drain: a review.
Ethics and policy of medical brain drain: a review.
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DOI：
10.4414/smw.2013.13845
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Buyx, Alena
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kollar, Eszter;Buyx, Alena
卫生工作者移徙，通常称为“医疗人才外流”，是指受过培训的熟练卫生专业人员（医生、护士、助产士）从低收入国家大规模移徙到高收入国家。目前，这使得许多贫穷国家，特别是撒哈拉以南非洲国家的卫生保健部门严重缺乏工作人员。一个广泛的共识是，医疗人才外流加剧了这种短缺，这是不道德的，这篇评论提出了支持这一观点的主要论点。尽管普遍同意，但哪些政策在道德上是合理的，以解决人才外流问题，以及如何最好地执行这些政策，仍然存在争议。审查提供了一个特定的道德问题，必须考虑到在决定哪些政策措施的优先事项进行讨论，并提出了一个政策实施战略，以解决医疗人才外流作为一个紧迫的问题。
Health-worker migration, commonly called "medical brain drain", refers to the mass migration of trained and skilled health professionals (doctors, nurses, midwives) from low-income to high-income countries. This is currently leaving a significant number of poor countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, with critical staff shortages in the healthcare sector. A broad consensus exists that, where medical brain drain exacerbates such shortages, it is unethical, and this review presents the main arguments underpinning this view. Notwithstanding the general agreement, which policies are justifiable on ethical grounds to tackle brain drain and how best to go about implementing them remains controversial. The review offers a discussion of the specific ethical issues that have to be taken into account when deciding which policy measures to prioritise and suggests a strategy of policy implementation to address medical brain drain as a matter of urgency.