Pest control and resistance management through release of insects carrying a male-selecting transgene.
Pest control and resistance management through release of insects carrying a male-selecting transgene.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/s12915-015-0161-1
复制
发表时间：
2015-07-16
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Alphey L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harvey-Samuel T;Morrison NI;Walker AS;Marubbi T;Yao J;Collins HL;Gorman K;Davies TG;Alphey N;Warner S;Shelton AM;Alphey L
开发和评估新的害虫管理工具对于克服对合成、生物和植物表达的杀虫剂的过度依赖和日益增长的抗药性至关重要。对于表达苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bt)杀虫蛋白的转基因作物来说，通过保持一定比例的作物作为非Bt品种，可以减缓抗性的出现，因为非Bt品种会产生未被选择抗药性的害虫。虽然这一策略在很大程度上是成功的，但现在已经报告了多起Bt耐药性病例。害虫管理的一种新方法是使用基因工程昆虫来抑制它们自己物种的种群。模型表明，携带雄性选择(MS)转基因的释放昆虫将通过防止雌性后代的存活而成为直接、物种特异性害虫管理的有效媒介，同时通过将易感等位基因导入目标种群来提供一种替代的杀虫剂抗性管理策略。我们培育了一种小菜蛾MS品系，小菜蛾是一种严重的全球十字花科害虫。MS菌株的幼虫是用四环素照常饲养的，但在没有四环素的情况下或在寄主植物上饲养时，只有雄性才能存活到成年。我们在温室网箱中利用该菌株研究了MS雄虫释放对目标害虫种群大小和Bt抗性在这些种群中传播的影响。将MS工程小菜蛾雄虫引入野生型种群后，害虫种群数量迅速下降，随后被消灭。在对西兰花植物的单独实验中，相对较低水平的雄性MS与表达Cry1Ac(Bt西兰花)的西兰花相结合，抑制了种群增长，并延缓了Bt抗性的传播。在没有Bt西兰花的情况下，较高的MS雄性释放率也能够抑制小菜蛾种群，而低水平的MS雄性释放或单独使用Bt西兰花都不能抑制小菜蛾种群。这些结果支持理论建模，表明MS工程昆虫可以提供强大的害虫种群抑制作用，并可以有效地增强现有的Bt抗性管理策略。我们的结论是，根据田间验证，MS昆虫提供了一种有效和通用的防治小菜蛾和其他潜在害虫的选择，并可能减少对包括Bt作物在内的以杀虫剂为基础的方法的依赖和保护。
Development and evaluation of new insect pest management tools is critical for overcoming over-reliance upon, and growing resistance to, synthetic, biological and plant-expressed insecticides. For transgenic crops expressing insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (‘Bt crops’) emergence of resistance is slowed by maintaining a proportion of the crop as non-Bt varieties, which produce pest insects unselected for resistance. While this strategy has been largely successful, multiple cases of Bt resistance have now been reported. One new approach to pest management is the use of genetically engineered insects to suppress populations of their own species. Models suggest that released insects carrying male-selecting (MS) transgenes would be effective agents of direct, species-specific pest management by preventing survival of female progeny, and simultaneously provide an alternative insecticide resistance management strategy by introgression of susceptibility alleles into target populations. We developed a MS strain of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, a serious global pest of crucifers. MS-strain larvae are reared as normal with dietary tetracycline, but, when reared without tetracycline or on host plants, only males will survive to adulthood. We used this strain in glasshouse-cages to study the effect of MS male P. xylostella releases on target pest population size and spread of Bt resistance in these populations. Introductions of MS-engineered P. xylostella males into wild-type populations led to rapid pest population decline, and then elimination. In separate experiments on broccoli plants, relatively low-level releases of MS males in combination with broccoli expressing Cry1Ac (Bt broccoli) suppressed population growth and delayed the spread of Bt resistance. Higher rates of MS male releases in the absence of Bt broccoli were also able to suppress P. xylostella populations, whereas either low-level MS male releases or Bt broccoli alone did not. These results support theoretical modeling, indicating that MS-engineered insects can provide a powerful pest population suppressing effect, and could effectively augment current Bt resistance management strategies. We conclude that, subject to field confirmation, MS insects offer an effective and versatile control option against P. xylostella and potentially other pests, and may reduce reliance on and protect insecticide-based approaches, including Bt crops.