Everyday problem solving across the adult life span: Influence of domain specificity and cognitive appraisal
Everyday problem solving across the adult life span: Influence of domain specificity and cognitive appraisal
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.12.4.684
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发表时间：
1997-12-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Norris, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BlanchardFields, F;Chen, YW;Norris, L
研究考察了年轻人、中年人和老年人在消费者、家庭管理和与朋友的冲突这三个领域不同情况下解决问题的策略的差异。此外，本研究还考察了知觉的问题解决能力、可控性和因果归因对策略选择的影响。在两个工具领域中，老年人在方法上比青少年和年轻人更关注问题，而青少年和年轻人选择更多的被动依赖策略。在一般的人际交往领域，与朋友发生冲突。老年人比年轻人更倾向于选择回避否认策略。最后，在不同领域中，被认为的解决问题的能力越强，选择回避否认策略的可能性就越小。讨论了区分社会性和工具性问题解决的重要性，以及考察对问题情境的认知评估的重要性。
Differences in problem-solving strategies for situations varying in three domains, consumer, home management, and conflict with friends, were examined among younger, middle-aged, and older adults. In addition, this study examined the influence of perceived ability to resolve the problem, controllability, and causal attributions on strategy selection. In the 2 instrumental domains, older adults were more problem focused in their approach than adolescents and younger adults, whereas adolescents and younger adults selected more passive-dependent strategies. Ln the mon interpersonal domain, conflict with friends. older adults tended to select avoidant-denial strategies more so than younger adults. Finally across domains, the greater the perceived ability to resolve a problem the less the avoidant-denial strategy was selected. The importance of distinguishing between social and instrumental problem solving and of examining the cognitive appraisal of a problem situation are discussed.