Hominin stature, body mass, and walking speed estimates based on 1.5 million-year-old fossil footprints at Ileret, Kenya
Hominin stature, body mass, and walking speed estimates based on 1.5 million-year-old fossil footprints at Ileret, Kenya
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.02.004
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发表时间：
2013-06-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Richmond, Brian G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dingwall, Heather L.;Hatala, Kevin G.;Richmond, Brian G.
早期更新世标志着古人类身体形态的重大转变时期，包括相对于早期古人类体重和身材的增加。然而，由于具有可靠分类学属性的完整颅后化石很少见，因此，由于频繁使用孤立的、通常是碎片的骨骼元素，估计古人类的质量和身材的工作变得复杂，尽管这是必要的。最近在肯尼亚伊勒雷特的多个地平线发现了 152 万年前的古人类足迹，提供了有关早期更新世古人类的完整足部尺寸以及步幅和步态其他特征的新数据。这项研究报告了对来自伊勒雷特的习惯不穿鞋的 Daasanach 成年人进行对照实验的结果，以检查步长和速度之间的关系，以及足迹大小、体重和身高之间的关系。根据这些变量之间的显着关系，我们从伊勒雷特的古人类足迹化石中估计了 0.45 m/s 到 2.2 m/s 之间的行进速度。七个个体的化石足迹显示出重（平均值 = 50.0 kg；范围：41.5-60.3 kg）和高个体（平均值 = 169.5 cm；范围：152.6-185.8 cm）的证据，表明这些脚印最有可能是由直立人和/或雄性博氏傍人制成。这些巨大的足迹提供了强有力的证据，表明古人类的体型在更新世早期有所增加。 (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
The early Pleistocene marks a period of major transition in hominin body form, including increases in body mass and stature relative to earlier hominins. However, because complete postcranial fossils with reliable taxonomic attributions are rare, efforts to estimate hominin mass and stature are complicated by the frequent albeit necessary use of isolated, and often fragmentary, skeletal elements. The recent discovery of 1.52 million year old hominin footprints from multiple horizons in Ileret, Kenya, provides new data on the complete foot size of early Pleistocene hominins as well as stride lengths and other characteristics of their gaits. This study reports the results of controlled experiments with habitually unshod Daasanach adults from Ileret to examine the relationships between stride length and speed, and also those between footprint size, body mass, and stature. Based on significant relationships among these variables, we estimate travel speeds ranging between 0.45 m/s and 2.2 m/s from the fossil hominin footprint trails at Ileret The fossil footprints of seven individuals show evidence of heavy (mean = 50.0 kg; range: 41.5-60.3 kg) and tall individuals (mean = 169.5 cm; range: 152.6-185.8 cm), suggesting that these prints were most likely made by Homo erectus and/or male Paranthropus boisei. The large sizes of these footprints provide strong evidence that hominin body size increased during the early Pleistocene. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.