Why garden for wildlife? Social and ecological drivers, motivations and barriers for biodiversity management in residential landscapes
Why garden for wildlife? Social and ecological drivers, motivations and barriers for biodiversity management in residential landscapes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolecon.2012.07.016
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Benton, Tim G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goddard, Mark A.;Dougill, Andrew J.;Benton, Tim G.
带有私人花园的住宅景观是城市的主要土地覆盖物，其可持续管理对于实现具有弹性的城市未来至关重要。在这里，我们专注于生物多样性保护的住宅生态系统的价值，并探讨影响野生动物友好型花园管理的社会和生态因素。在英国利兹市使用分层抽样设计，这个跨学科的研究开发和应用混合方法的方法，包括问卷调查，访谈和生态调查在多个空间尺度。我们量化野生动物友好的园艺使用两个措施：（一）在花园内的野生动物友好的功能（野生动物资源指数，WRI）的数量;（二）冬季鸟类喂养的频率。野生动物友好型园艺受到花园特征和管理强度，住户人口统计学，更广泛的环境活动和景观背景的影响。居民揭示了一系列野生动物友好型园艺的动机，特别是个人福祉和对自然的道德责任。受访者表示有责任保持邻里标准，揭示了社会规范是一个相当大的障碍，以吸收野生动物友好的活动，但也提供了一个机会，邻居模仿的结果在扩散野生动物友好的做法。社区驱动的倡议，参与，教育和授权居民更好地鼓励野生动物友好的园艺比自上而下的财政激励措施。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Residential landscapes with private gardens are major land covers in cities and their sustainable management is paramount for achieving a resilient urban future. Here we focus on the value of residential ecosystems for biodiversity conservation and explore the social and ecological factors that influence wildlife-friendly garden management. Using a stratified sampling design across the UK city of Leeds, this interdisciplinary study develops and applies a mixed method approach, including questionnaires, interviews and ecological surveys across multiple spatial scales. We quantify wildlife-friendly gardening using two measures: (i) the number of wildlife-friendly features within gardens (the wildlife resources index, WRI); and (ii) the frequency of winter bird feeding. Wildlife-friendly gardening is influenced by a combination of garden characteristics and management intensity, householder demographics, wider environmental activity and landscape context. Residents reveal a range of motivations for wildlife-friendly gardening, notably personal well-being and a moral responsibility to nature. Respondents expressed a duty to maintain neighbourhood standards, revealing that social norms are a considerable barrier to uptake of wildlife-friendly activities, but also provide an opportunity where neighbour mimicry results in diffusion of wildlife-friendly practices. Community-driven initiatives that engage, educate and empower residents are better placed to encourage wildlife-friendly gardening than top-down financial incentives. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.