Seismic fragility models for typical non-engineered URM residential buildings in Malawi

Seismic fragility models for typical non-engineered URM residential buildings in Malawi
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马拉维典型非工程 URM 住宅建筑的地震易损性模型

DOI:
10.1016/j.istruc.2021.03.118
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
Giordano N
Giordano N
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Giordano N

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马拉维是一个地震多发国家,位于东非裂谷内。很大一部分人口居住在由粘土砖和低强度砂浆制成的非工程单层建筑中。墙壁通常是单层的,并且往往缺乏足够的墙与墙的连接,使得它们容易受到地震作用的影响。这项工作报告了对马拉维住房中未加固砖石建筑的地震脆弱性的全面研究。通过考虑问题的偶然性和认知不确定性来估计超过不同水平的面内/面外损坏的概率。通过采用材料测试结果和在马拉维收集的建筑调查数据来解释建筑物间和建筑物内的变异性。建筑物墙体的面内承载力是通过考虑砖石正交各向异性特性的有限元模型计算的。面外承载能力是使用针对单向弯曲墙开发的解析解来计算的。此外,还考虑了记录间的变异性。新的针对特定国家的脆弱性模型的结果比全球估计更为保守,这反映了马拉维砖石建筑的高度脆弱性。这些脆弱性可以集成到灾难建模平台中,用于马拉维和更广泛的东非地区的地震风险评估。
Malawi is an earthquake-prone country that lies within the East African Rift. A large proportion of its population lives in non-engineered single-storey constructions made of clay bricks and low-strength mortar. Walls are typically single-skin and often lack adequate wall-to-wall connections, leaving them vulnerable to seismic actions. This work reports a comprehensive study on the seismic fragility of unreinforced masonry buildings of the Malawi housing stock. The probability of exceeding different levels of in-plane/out-of-plane damage is estimated by considering the aleatory and epistemic uncertainties of the problem. Inter-building and intra-building variability are accounted for by adopting material test results and building survey data collected in Malawi. The in-plane capacity of building walls is calculated through a finite element model that considers the orthotropic properties of masonry. The out-of-plane capacity is computed using an analytical solution, developed for walls in one way bending. In addition, record-to-record variability is considered. The new country-specific fragility models result more conservative that global estimates, which reflects the high vulnerability of Malawian masonry buildings. These fragilities can be integrated into catastrophe modelling platforms for earthquake risk assessment in Malawi and in the wider East African region.
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