Mechanisms of tentacle morphogenesis in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis
Mechanisms of tentacle morphogenesis in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis
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DOI：
10.1242/dev.088260
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发表时间：
2013-05-15
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Gibson, Matthew C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fritz, Ashleigh E.;Ikmi, Aissam;Gibson, Matthew C.
从主要胚胎轴形成次要生长体的能力的进化是一项重要的创新，它增强了动物身体结构的多样化。确切地说，在早期分支的后生动物物种中，这种生长是如何发展的仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们证明了三个基本过程有助于刺胞线虫的胚胎触手发育。首先，在发育中的幼虫的口极形成一个假分层的外胚层基板，并转录成四个触手芽。随后，Notch信号依赖性的尖基底上皮厚度变化驱动这些原基的伸长。与此同时，克隆分析揭示的定向细胞重排与细长触须的形成有关。综上所述，我们的研究结果明确了早期分支后生动物胚胎附属物发育的机制，从而为理解动物进化过程中身体形态的多样化提供了新的基础。
Evolution of the capacity to form secondary outgrowths from the principal embryonic axes was a crucial innovation that potentiated the diversification of animal body plans. Precisely how such outgrowths develop in early-branching metazoan species remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that three fundamental processes contribute to embryonic tentacle development in the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis. First, a pseudostratified ectodermal placode forms at the oral pole of developing larvae and is transcriptionally patterned into four tentacle buds. Subsequently, Notch signaling-dependent changes in apicobasal epithelial thickness drive elongation of these primordia. In parallel, oriented cell rearrangements revealed by clonal analysis correlate with shaping of the elongating tentacles. Taken together, our results define the mechanism of embryonic appendage development in an early-branching metazoan, and thereby provide a novel foundation for understanding the diversification of body plans during animal evolution.