Spatial and temporal pattern of rice domestication during the early Holocene in the lower Yangtze region, China
Spatial and temporal pattern of rice domestication during the early Holocene in the lower Yangtze region, China
复制标题
长江下游地区全新世早期水稻驯化时空格局
DOI：
10.1177/09596836211019090
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发表时间：
2021-06-02
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Zhang, Jianping
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huan, Xiujia;Lu, Houyuan;Zhang, Jianping
水稻是世界上最重要和最古老的驯化作物之一。然而，由于缺乏对全新世早期野生/驯化稻遗骸及其相应日期的系统研究，早稻驯化过程的时空格局仍不清楚。本文对长江下游地区5个典型的上山文化遗址的248个样品进行了植硅体分析。结果表明：(1)五个地点的水稻泡状植硅体都呈现驯化特征，表明水稻驯化过程在全新世早期就已开始。(2)水稻泡状植硅体反映的相对驯化率在不同地点有差异，驯化率高的地点分布在离主流河流较近的地方。(3)泡状植硅体揭示的水稻驯化过程在全新世早期可分为3个时期：10 ~ 9 ka，水稻驯化开始并维持在35%以下的低水平; 9 ~ 8.5 ka，水稻驯化水平提高到50%; 8.5 ~ 8 ka，水稻驯化水平处于波动状态。(4)到9 kaBP，大部分研究地点都出现了双峰型的水稻颖壳细胞植硅体，这意味着作物脱壳过程的存在。本研究重建了全新世早期水稻驯化的时空格局，这将提高我们对早期作物驯化的认识，并增强我们对水稻地位变化的理解。
Rice is among the world's most important and ancient domesticated crops. However, the spatial and temporal pattern of the early rice domestication process remains unclear due to the lack of systematic study of wild/domesticated rice remains and corresponding dates during the early Holocene. Here, we collected 248 samples from five typical Shangshan cultural sites in the lower Yangtze region where is the most likely origin place of rice for phytolith analysis. The results showed the following. (1) Rice bulliform phytoliths from the five sites all present domestication traits, suggesting that the rice domestication process had begun across the region by the early stage of the Holocene. (2) The relative domestication rates reflected by the rice bulliform phytoliths were different between sites, the sites with higher domestication rates were distributed closer to the mainstream river. (3) The rice domestication process revealed by bulliform phytoliths can be divided into three periods during the early Holocene: from 10 to 9 ka, rice domestication began and stayed at a low level under 35%; from 9 to 8.5 ka, rice domestication level increased to 50%; and from 8.5 to 8 ka, rice domestication level was in a fluctuating state. (4) By 9 ka BP, rice double-peaked phytoliths from glume cells are present in most of the studied sites, which imply the presence of crop dehusking processing. This study reconstructed the spatial and temporal patterns of rice domestication during the early Holocene, which will improve our knowledge of early crop domestication and enhance our understanding of changes in rice status.