β-Lactamases: A Focus on Current Challenges
β-Lactamases: A Focus on Current Challenges
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a025239
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Bonomo, Robert A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bonomo, Robert A.
β-内酰胺酶是一种分解β-内酰胺类抗生素的酶，仍然是这些制剂使用的最大威胁。在这篇综述中，讨论了那些在活性部位使用丝氨酸的酶和那些需要二价锌离子进行水解的酶的水解机理。β-内酰胺酶现在包括.2000个独特的、自然产生的氨基酸序列。其中一些临床上最重要的是A类青霉素酶、超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLS)、AmpC酶、头孢菌素酶和碳青霉烯类水解酶，包括丝氨酸类和金属酶类。由于这些酶的多功能性随着新的β-内酰胺类药物在治疗中的使用而进化，可能需要新的抗菌治疗方法。
beta-Lactamases, the enzymes that hydrolyze b-lactam antibiotics, remain the greatest threat to the usage of these agents. In this review, the mechanism of hydrolysis is discussed for both those enzymes that use serine at the active site and those that require divalent zinc ions for hydrolysis. The beta-lactamases now include.2000 unique, naturally occurring amino acid sequences. Some of the clinically most important of these are the class A penicillinases, the extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), the AmpC cephalosporinases, and the carbapenem-hydrolyzing enzymes in both the serine and metalloenzyme groups. Because of the versatility of these enzymes to evolve as new beta-lactams are used therapeutically, new approaches to antimicrobial therapy may be required.