Alcohol, tobacco, diet and the risk of oral cancer: a pooled analysis of three case-control studies.
Alcohol, tobacco, diet and the risk of oral cancer: a pooled analysis of three case-control studies.
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DOI：
10.1016/0964-1955(95)00005-3
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发表时间：
1995-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Boyle, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Macfarlane, G J;Zheng, T;Boyle, P
这项对三个大型口腔癌病例对照研究数据的综合分析证实了烟草在口腔癌病因学中的重要作用。这些研究是在美国、意大利和中国进行的，与吸烟有关的风险的结果在各中心总体上是一致的，而与酒精有关的结果则不是；在两个研究中心，饮酒者的风险明显增加，但在意大利都灵进行的研究中却没有。此外，综合分析有足够的数据来分析不饮酒者吸烟的风险。在女性中，这些因素显示出风险增加，而在男性中，单独吸烟的影响较弱。鉴于吸烟的普及及其在口腔癌方面的高可归因风险，从公共卫生的角度来看，戒烟将导致风险大幅降低，这是令人放心的；戒烟1至9年的人患病风险降低30%，戒烟9年以上的人患病风险降低50%。虽然鼓励吸烟者戒烟应该是主要目标，但通过鼓励多吃水果和蔬菜可以降低每个人的风险。
This combined analysis of data from three large case-control studies of oral cancer confirms the important effect of tobacco in the aetiology of the disease. The studies have been conducted in the United States, Italy and China and results for risks associated with tobacco smoking were generally consistent across centres, while those for alcohol were not; increased risks amongst alcohol drinkers were evident in two centres but not in the study conducted in Turin, Italy. In addition, the combined analysis had large enough numbers to analyse the risk of tobacco consumption in non-drinkers. In females these showed increased risks while in males the effect of tobacco alone was weaker. Given the popularity of tobacco smoking, and its consequent high attributable risk in terms of oral cancer it is reassuring, in terms of public health, that cessation will result in a substantial reduction in risk; a 30% reduction in risk for those stopping smoking between 1 and 9 years, and a 50% reduction for those stopping more than 9 years. Although encouraging smokers to stop should be the principal aim, decreases in risk for everyone could be achieved by encouraging high fruit and vegetable consumption.