Modulation of sleep-courtship balance by nutritional status in Drosophila.
Modulation of sleep-courtship balance by nutritional status in Drosophila.
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作者：
Duhart JM;Baccini V;Zhang Y;Machado DR;Koh K
睡眠是必要的，但与其他行为不相容，因此睡眠驱动与其他动机竞争。我们之前的研究表明，雄性果蝇通过在求爱调节P1神经元上游作用的章鱼胺能神经元来平衡睡眠和求爱（Machado et al, 2017）。在这里，我们展示了营养调节睡眠-求偶平衡，并确定了P1神经元下游的睡眠调节神经元。缺乏酵母的雄性果蝇表现出雌性诱导的夜间睡眠不足减少，但白天的求爱正常，这表明雄性果蝇在决定追求雌性伴侣的潜在好处是否超过失去睡眠的代价时，会考虑营养状况。跨突触示踪和钙成像发现，多巴胺能神经元投射到原脑桥（DA-PB）是P1神经元的突触后伙伴。DA-PB神经元的激活导致正常喂养但没有酵母的雄性睡眠减少。额外的pb投射神经元调节雄性睡眠，表明几组pb投射神经元在P1神经元的下游作用，介导睡眠-求爱平衡的营养调节。
Sleep is essential but incompatible with other behaviors, and thus sleep drive competes with other motivations. We previously showed Drosophila males balance sleep and courtship via octopaminergic neurons that act upstream of courtship-regulating P1 neurons (Machado et al., 2017). Here, we show nutrition modulates the sleep-courtship balance and identify sleep-regulatory neurons downstream of P1 neurons. Yeast-deprived males exhibited attenuated female-induced nighttime sleep loss yet normal daytime courtship, which suggests male flies consider nutritional status in deciding whether the potential benefit of pursuing female partners outweighs the cost of losing sleep. Trans-synaptic tracing and calcium imaging identified dopaminergic neurons projecting to the protocerebral bridge (DA-PB) as postsynaptic partners of P1 neurons. Activation of DA-PB neurons led to reduced sleep in normally fed but not yeast-deprived males. Additional PB-projecting neurons regulated male sleep, suggesting several groups of PB-projecting neurons act downstream of P1 neurons to mediate nutritional modulation of the sleep-courtship balance.